abstracted structures fixed

src/USEFUL/basic_examples/example_fractions.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
+
 
 from fractions import Fraction
 
 def rounding_floats(number1, places):
-    ''' some operations with float()'''
     return round(number1, places)
 
 

src/USEFUL/basic_examples/example_numpy.py

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
 
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
+
+import time
 import numpy as np
 
 def testing_numpy():
@@ -27,6 +29,32 @@ def testing_numpy():
     print(grid1[1]+10)
     print(grid2[:,2]*2)
 
+
+def trad_version():
+    t1 = time.time()
+    X = range(10000000)
+    Y = range(10000000)
+    Z = []
+    for i in range(len(X)):
+        Z.append(X[i] + Y[i])
+    return time.time() - t1
+
+def numpy_version():
+    t1 = time.time()
+    X = np.arange(10000000)
+    Y = np.arange(10000000)
+    Z = X + Y
+    return time.time() - t1
+
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     testing_numpy()
+    print(trad_version())
+    print(numpy_version())
 
+
+'''
+3.23564291
+0.0714290142059
+'''

src/USEFUL/basic_examples/example_random.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 import random
 

src/USEFUL/basic_examples/example_sets.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 def difference(l1):
     """ return the list with duplicate elements removed """

src/abstract_structures/HashTable.py

@@ -7,24 +7,29 @@ class HashTable(object):
     def __init__(self, slots=10):
         self.slots = slots
         self.table = []
-        self.__create_table()
+        self.create_table()
 
-    def __hash_key(self, value):
+    def hash_key(self, value):
         return hash(value)%self.slots
 
-    def __create_table(self):
+    def create_table(self):
         for i in range(self.slots):
             self.table.append([])
 
     def add_item(self, value):
-        key = self.__hash_key(value)
+        key = self.hash_key(value)
         self.table[key].append(value)
 
     def print_table(self):
         for key in range(len(self.table)):
             print "Key is %s, value is %s." %(key, self.table[key])
 
-
+    def find_item(self, item):
+        pos = self.hash_key(item)
+        if item in self.table[pos]:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     dic = HashTable(5)
@@ -32,3 +37,5 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
         dic.add_item(i)
 
     dic.print_table()
+    assert(dic.find_item(20) == False)
+    assert(dic.find_item(21) == True)

src/abstract_structures/Queue.py

@@ -17,11 +17,24 @@ class Queue(object):
                 self.deq.append(self.enq.pop())
         return self.deq.pop()
 
+    def isEmpty(self):
+        return not (self.enq + self.deq)
+
+    def size(self):
+        return len(self.enq) + len(self.deq)
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     q = Queue()
 
     for i in range(1,10):
         q.enqueue(i)
 
+    assert(q.isEmpty() == False)
+
+    assert(q.size() == 9)
+
     for i in range(1, 10):
         print q.dequeue()
+
+    assert(q.isEmpty() == True)
+

src/abstract_structures/Stack.py

@@ -32,6 +32,21 @@ class Stack(object):
         else:
             return 'No min value for empty list.'
 
+    def size(self):
+        return len(self.content)
+
+    def isEmpty(self):
+        return not bool(self.content)
+
+    def peek(self):
+        if self.content:
+            return self.content[-1]
+        else:
+            print('Stack is empty.')
+
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '{}'.format(self.content)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

src/abstract_structures/hash_tables/hash_table.py

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
-
-''' design a Hash table using chaining to avoid collisions.'''
-
-
-#import abstract_structures.linked_list.linked_list_fifo
-#import abstract_structures.linked_list.node
-
-from linked_list_fifo import LinkedListFIFO
-
-
-
-class HashTableLL(object):
-    def __init__(self, size):
-        self.size = size
-        self.slots = []
-        self._createHashTable()
-
-    def _createHashTable(self):
-        for i in range(self.size) :
-            self.slots.append(LinkedListFIFO())
-
-    def _find(self, item):
-        return item%self.size
-
-    def _add(self, item):
-        index = self._find(item)
-        self.slots[index].addNode(item)
-
-    def _delete(self, item):
-        index = self._find(item)
-        self.slots[index].deleteNode(item)
-
-    def _print(self):
-        for i in range(self.size):
-            print('\nSlot {}:'.format(i))
-            print(self.slots[i]._printList())
-
-
-
-
-def test_hash_tables():
-    H1 = HashTableLL(3)
-    for i in range (0, 20):
-        H1._add(i)
-    H1._print()
-    print('\n\nNow deleting:')
-    H1._delete(0)
-    H1._delete(1)
-    H1._delete(2)
-    H1._delete(0)
-
-    H1._print()
-
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_hash_tables()

src/abstract_structures/heap/find_N_largest_smallest_items_seq.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 import heapq
 

src/abstract_structures/heap/heapify.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 class Heapify(object):
     def __init__(self, data=None):
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ def test_Heapify():
     l1 = [3, 2, 5, 1, 7, 8, 2]
     h = Heapify(l1)
     assert(h.extract_max() == 8)
-    print ("Tests Passed!")
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     test_Heapify()

src/abstract_structures/heap/merge_sorted_seqs.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 import heapq
 
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ def test_merge_sorted_seq(module_name='this module'):
     seq3 = seq1 + seq2
     assert(merge_sorted_seqseq1, seq2) == sorted(seq3))
 
-    s = 'Tests in {name} have {con}!'
-    print(s.format(name=module_name, con='passed'))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

src/abstract_structures/heap/priority_queue.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 import heapq
 
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ def test_PriorityQueue():
     q.push(Item('test2'), 4)
     q.push(Item('test3'), 3)
     assert(str(q.pop()) == "Item('test2')")
-    print('Tests passed!'.center(20,'*'))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/check_pal.py

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
-
-''' Given a linked list, check if the nodes form a palindrome '''
-
-from linked_list_fifo import LinkedListFIFO, Node
-from node import Node
-
-def isPal(l):
-
-    if len(l1) < 2:
-        return True
-    if l1[0] != l1[-1]:
-        return False
-
-    return isPal(l1[1:-1])
-
-
-
-def checkllPal(ll):
-    node = ll.head
-    l = []
-
-    while node:
-        l.append(node.value)
-        node = node.pointer
-
-    return isPal(l)
-
-
-
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-
-    ll = LinkedListFIFO()
-    l1 = [1, 2, 3, 2, 1]
-
-    for i in l1:
-        ll.addNode(i)
-
-    assert(checkllPal(ll) == True)
-
-    ll.addNode(2)
-    ll.addNode(3)
-
-    assert(checkllPal(ll) == False)

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/circular_ll.py

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
 ''' implement a function to see whether a linked list is circular.

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/double_linked_list_fifo.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' Implement a double-linked list, which is very simple, we just need inherits
 from a Linked List Class and  add an attribute for previous.'''
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ class dNode(object):
 
 class dLinkList(LinkedListFIFO):
 
-    # print each node's value, starting from tail
     def printListInverse(self):
         node = self.tail
         while node:
@@ -28,8 +26,6 @@ class dLinkList(LinkedListFIFO):
             except:
                 break
 
-    # add a node in a position different from head,
-    # ie, in the end of the list
     def _add(self, value):
         self.length += 1
         node = dNode(value)
@@ -38,14 +34,12 @@ class dLinkList(LinkedListFIFO):
             node.previous = self.tail
         self.tail = node
 
-    # delete a node in some position
     def _delete(self, node):
         self.length -= 1
         node.previous.pointer = node.pointer
         if not node.pointer:
             self.tail = node.previous
 
-    # locate node with some index
     def _find(self, index):
         node = self.head
         i = 0
@@ -66,11 +60,6 @@ class dLinkList(LinkedListFIFO):
                 print('Node with index {} not found'.format(index))
 
 
-
-
-
-
-
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 
     from collections import Counter

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/find_kth_from_the_end.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
 
 ''' Find the mth-to-last element of a linked list.
     One option is having two pointers, separated by m. P1 start at the roots

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/linked_list_fifo.py

@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' A class for a linked list that has the nodes in a FIFO order (such as a queue)'''
 
 
 from node import Node
 
-
-
 class LinkedListFIFO(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
@@ -17,32 +14,24 @@ class LinkedListFIFO(object):
         self.length = 0
         self.tail = None # this is different from ll lifo
 
-
-    # print each node's value, starting from the head
     def _printList(self):
         node = self.head
         while node:
             print(node.value)
             node = node.pointer
 
-    # add a node in the first position
-    # read will never be changed again while not empty
     def _addFirst(self, value):
         self.length = 1
         node = Node(value)
         self.head = node
         self.tail = node
 
-    # delete a node in the first position, ie
-    # when there is no previous node
     def _deleteFirst(self):
         self.length = 0
         self.head = None
         self.tail = None
         print('The list is empty.')
 
-    # add a node in a position different from head,
-    # ie, in the end of the list
     def _add(self, value):
         self.length += 1
         node = Node(value)
@@ -50,15 +39,12 @@ class LinkedListFIFO(object):
             self.tail.pointer = node
         self.tail = node
 
-
-    # add nodes in general
     def addNode(self, value):
         if not self.head:
             self._addFirst(value)
         else:
             self._add(value)
 
-    # locate node with some index
     def _find(self, index):
         prev = None
         node = self.head
@@ -69,7 +55,6 @@ class LinkedListFIFO(object):
             i += 1
         return node, prev, i
 
-    # delete nodes in general
     def deleteNode(self, index):
         if not self.head or not self.head.pointer:
             self._deleteFirst()
@@ -87,9 +72,6 @@ class LinkedListFIFO(object):
                 print('Node with index {} not found'.format(index))
 
 
-
-
-
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     ll = LinkedListFIFO()
     for i in range(1, 5):

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/linked_list_lifo.py

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
-
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
 ''' Implement a unordered linked list, i.e. a LIFO linked list (like a stack) '''
@@ -16,15 +13,12 @@ class LinkedListLIFO(object):
         self.head = None
         self.length = 0
 
-
-    # print each node's value, starting from the head
     def _printList(self):
         node = self.head
         while node:
             print(node.value)
             node = node.pointer
 
-    # delete a node, given the previous node
     def _delete(self, prev, node):
         self.length -= 1
         if not prev:
@@ -32,14 +26,10 @@ class LinkedListLIFO(object):
         else:
             prev.pointer = node.pointer
 
-    # add a new node, pointing to the previous node
-    # in the head
     def _add(self, value):
         self.length += 1
         self.head = Node(value, self.head)
 
-
-    # locate node with some index
     def _find(self, index):
         prev = None
         node = self.head
@@ -50,7 +40,6 @@ class LinkedListLIFO(object):
             i += 1
         return node, prev, i
 
-    # locate node by value
     def _find_by_value(self, value):
         prev = None
         node = self.head
@@ -63,8 +52,6 @@ class LinkedListLIFO(object):
                 node = node.pointer
         return node, prev, found
 
-
-    # find and delete a node by index
     def deleteNode(self, index):
         node, prev, i = self._find(index)
         if index == i:
@@ -72,8 +59,6 @@ class LinkedListLIFO(object):
         else:
             print('Node with index {} not found'.format(index))
 
-
-    # find and delete a node by value
     def deleteNodeByValue(self, value):
         node, prev, found = self._find_by_value(value)
         if found:

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/node.py

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 class Node(object):
     def __init__(self, value=None, pointer=None):

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/part_linked_list.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' This function divides a linked list in a value, where everything smaller than this value
     goes to the front, and everything large goes to the back:'''

src/abstract_structures/linked_list/sum_linked_list.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' Supposing two linked lists representing numbers, such that in each of their
     nodes they carry one digit. This function sums the two numbers that these

src/abstract_structures/queues/animal_shelter.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
 """ A class for an animal shelter with two queues"""

src/abstract_structures/queues/deque.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' a class for a double ended queue (also inefficient) '''
 

src/abstract_structures/queues/linked_queue.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' Queue acts as a container for nodes (objects) that are inserted and removed according FIFO'''
 

src/abstract_structures/queues/palindrome_checker_with_deque.py

@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
+
+
+""" Using our deque class and Python's deque class """
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
 
 import string
 import collections
 
 from deque import Deque
 
+
 STRIP = string.whitespace + string.punctuation + "\"'"
 
-
-""" Using our deque class and Python's deque class """
 def palindrome_checker_with_deque(str1):
 
     d1 = Deque()

src/abstract_structures/queues/queue.py

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
-
-''' an (inefficient) class for a queue '''
-
-class Queue(object):
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.items = []
-
-    def isEmpty(self):
-        return not bool(self.items)
-
-    def enqueue(self, item):
-        self.items.insert(0, item)
-
-    def dequeue(self):
-        return self.items.pop()
-
-    def size(self):
-        return len(self.items)
-
-    def peek(self):
-        return self.items[-1]
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return '{}'.format(self.items)
-
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    queue = Queue()
-    print("Is the queue empty? ", queue.isEmpty())
-    print("Adding 0 to 10 in the queue...")
-    for i in range(10):
-        queue.enqueue(i)
-    print("Queue size: ", queue.size())
-    print("Queue peek : ", queue.peek())
-    print("Dequeue...", queue.dequeue())
-    print("Queue peek: ", queue.peek())
-    print("Is the queue empty? ", queue.isEmpty())
-    print(queue)

src/abstract_structures/queues/queue_from_two_stacks.py

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
-
-
-''' an example of a queue implemented from 2 stacks '''
-
-
-class Queue(object):
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.in_stack = []
-        self.out_stack = []
-
-
-    # basic methods
-    def _transfer(self):
-        while self.in_stack:
-            self.out_stack.append(self.in_stack.pop())
-
-
-    def enqueue(self, item):
-        return self.in_stack.append(item)
-
-
-    def dequeue(self):
-        if not self.out_stack:
-            self._transfer()
-        if self.out_stack:
-            return self.out_stack.pop()
-        else:
-            return "Queue empty!"
-
-
-    def size(self):
-        return len(self.in_stack) + len(self.out_stack)
-
-
-    def peek(self):
-        if not self.out_stack:
-            self._transfer()
-        if self.out_stack:
-            return self.out_stack[-1]
-        else:
-            return "Queue empty!"
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        if not self.out_stack:
-            self._transfer()
-        if self.out_stack:
-            return '{}'.format(self.out_stack)
-        else:
-            return "Queue empty!"
-
-    def isEmpty(self):
-        return not ((bool(self.in_stack) or bool(self.out_stack)))
-
-
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    queue = Queue()
-    print("Is the queue empty? ", queue.isEmpty())
-    print("Adding 0 to 10 in the queue...")
-    for i in range(10):
-        queue.enqueue(i)
-    print("Queue size: ", queue.size())
-    print("Queue peek : ", queue.peek())
-    print("Dequeue...", queue.dequeue())
-    print("Queue peek: ", queue.peek())
-    print("Is the queue empty? ", queue.isEmpty())
-
-    print("Printing the queue...")
-    print(queue)

src/abstract_structures/stacks/balance_parenthesis.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' use a stack to balance the parenteses of a string '''
 

src/abstract_structures/stacks/dec2bin_with_stack.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
 
 '''transform a decimal number to a binary number with a stack '''
 

src/abstract_structures/stacks/linked_stack.py

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
 """ A stack made of linked list"""
 
 
-
 class Node(object):
     def __init__(self, value=None, pointer=None):
         self.value = value

src/abstract_structures/stacks/reverse_string_with_stack.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
 
 ''' Uses a stack to reverse a string '''
 

src/abstract_structures/stacks/set_of_stacks.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 """ define a class for a set of stacks """
 

src/abstract_structures/stacks/stack.py

@@ -1,53 +1,65 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+# copy of the class ../Stack.py
 
-
-''' define the stack class '''
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
 class Stack(object):
     def __init__(self):
-        self.items = []
-
-    def isEmpty(self):
-        return not bool(self.items)
+        self.content = []
+        self.min_array = []
+        self.min = float('inf')
 
     def push(self, value):
-        self.items.append(value)
+        if value < self.min:
+            self.min = value
+
+        self.content.append(value)
+        self.min_array.append(self.min)
 
     def pop(self):
-        value = self.items.pop()
-        if value:
+        if self.content:
+            value = self.content.pop()
+            self.min_array.pop()
+            if self.min_array:
+                self.min = self.min_array[-1]
             return value
         else:
-            print("Stack is empty.")
+            return 'Empty List. '
+
+    def find_min(self):
+        if self.min_array:
+            return self.min_array[-1]
+        else:
+            return 'No min value for empty list.'
 
     def size(self):
-        return len(self.items)
+        return len(self.content)
+
+    def isEmpty(self):
+        return not bool(self.content)
 
     def peek(self):
-        if self.items:
-            return self.items[-1]
+        if self.content:
+            return self.content[-1]
         else:
             print('Stack is empty.')
 
+
     def __repr__(self):
-        return '{}'.format(self.items)
-
-
+        return '{}'.format(self.content)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    stack = Stack()
-    print("Is the stack empty? ", stack.isEmpty())
-    print("Adding 0 to 10 in the stack...")
-    for i in range(10):
-        stack.push(i)
-    print("Stack size: ", stack.size())
-    print("Stack peek : ", stack.peek())
-    print("Pop...", stack.pop())
-    print("Stack peek: ", stack.peek())
-    print("Is the stack empty? ", stack.isEmpty())
-    print(stack)
+    q = Stack()
+
+    for i in range(15,20):
+        q.push(i)
+    for i in range(10,5,-1):
+        q.push(i)
+
+
+
+    for i in range(1, 13):
+        print q.pop(), q.find_min()

src/abstract_structures/stacks/stack_with_min.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 ''' A stack with a minimum lookup '''
 

src/abstract_structures/stacks/towers_of_hanoi.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
-__author__ = "Mari Wahl"
-__email__ = "marina.w4hl@gmail.com"
 
 
 """ Implement the 'towers of hanoi'"""

src/builtin_structures/convert_numerical_bases.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
+
+''' convert an integer to a string in any base'''
+
+def convert_from_dec_to_any_base(number, base):
+    '''
+    >>> number, base = 9, 2
+    >>> convert_from_dec_to_any_base(number, base)
+    '1001'
+    '''
+
+    convertString = '012345679ABCDEF'
+
+    if number < base:
+        return convertString[number]
+
+    else:
+        return convert_from_dec_to_any_base(number//base, base) + \
+                                            convertString[number%base]
+
+
+
+def convert_from_decimal_to_binary(number, base):
+    '''
+    >>> number, base = 9, 2
+    >>> convert_from_decimal_to_binary(number, base)
+    1001
+    '''
+
+    multiplier, result = 1, 0
+
+    while number > 0:
+        result += number%base*multiplier
+        multiplier *= 10
+        number = number//base
+
+    return result
+
+
+
+def convert_from_decimal_larger_bases(number, base):
+    '''
+    >>> number, base = 31, 16
+    >>> convert_from_decimal_larger_bases(number, base)
+    '1F'
+    '''
+    strings = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJ"
+    result = ""
+
+    while number > 0:
+        digit = number%base
+        result = strings[digit] + result
+        number = number//base
+
+    return result
+
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import doctest
+    doctest.testmod()
+

src/builtin_structures/fibonacci.py

@@ -33,6 +33,22 @@ def fib(n):
     return b
 
 
+def fib_rec(n):
+    '''
+    >>> fib_rec(2)
+    1
+    >>> fib_rec(5)
+    5
+    >>> fib_rec(7)
+    13
+    '''
+    if n < 3:
+        return 1
+    return fib_rec(n - 1) + fib_rec(n - 2)
+
+
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     import doctest
     doctest.testmod()

src/builtin_structures/numbers/convert_dec_to_any_base_rec.py

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-
-def convert_dec_to_any_base_rec(number, base):
-    ''' convert an integer to a string in any base'''
-    convertString = '012345679ABCDEF'
-    if number < base: return convertString[number]
-    else:
-        return convert_dec_to_any_base_rec(number//base, base) + convertString[number%base] 
-    
-
-
-
-def test_convert_dec_to_any_base_rec(module_name='this module'):
-    number = 9
-    base = 2
-    assert(convert_dec_to_any_base_rec(number, base) == '1001')
-        
-    s = 'Tests in {name} have {con}!'
-    print(s.format(name=module_name, con='passed'))
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_convert_dec_to_any_base_rec()
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/convert_from_decimal.py

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-def convert_from_decimal(number, base):
-    ''' convert any decimal number to another base. '''
-    multiplier, result = 1, 0
-    while number > 0:
-        result += number%base*multiplier
-        multiplier *= 10
-        number = number//base
-    return result
-
-
-def test_convert_from_decimal():
-    number, base = 9, 2
-    assert(convert_from_decimal(number, base) == 1001)
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_convert_from_decimal()
-
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/convert_from_decimal_larger_bases.py

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-
-def convert_from_decimal_larger_bases(number, base):
-    ''' convert any decimal number to a number in a base up to 20'''
-    strings = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJ"
-    result = ""
-    while number > 0:
-        digit = number%base
-        result = strings[digit] + result
-        number = number//base
-    return result
-
-def test_convert_from_decimal_larger_bases():
-    number, base = 31, 16
-    assert(convert_from_decimal_larger_bases(number, base) == '1F')
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_convert_from_decimal_larger_bases()
-
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/convert_to_decimal.py

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-
-def convert_to_decimal(number, base):
-    ''' convert any number in another base to the decimal base'''
-    multiplier, result = 1, 0
-    while number > 0:
-        result += number%10*multiplier
-        multiplier *= base
-        number = number//10
-    return result
-
-
-def test_convert_to_decimal():
-    number, base = 1001, 2
-    assert(convert_to_decimal(number, base) == 9)
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_convert_to_decimal()
-
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/find_fibonacci_seq.py

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-import math
-
-def find_fibonacci_seq_rec(n):
-    ''' implements the nth fibonacci value in a recursive exponential runtime '''
-    if n < 2: return n
-    return find_fibonacci_seq_rec(n - 1) + find_fibonacci_seq_rec(n - 2)
-    
-    
-
-def find_fibonacci_seq_iter(n):
-    ''' return the nth fibonacci value in a iterative O(n^2) runtime '''
-    if n < 2: return n
-    a, b = 0, 1
-    for i in range(n):
-        a, b = b, a + b
-    return a
-
-
-def find_fibonacci_seq_form(n):
-    ''' return the nth fibonacci value implemented by the formula, nearly constant-time algorithm,
-    but, it has a poor precise (after 72 it starts to become wrong) '''
-    sq5 = math.sqrt(5)
-    phi = (1 + sq5) / 2
-    return int(math.floor(phi ** n / sq5))
-    
-    
-    
-def test_find_fib():
-    n = 10
-    assert(find_fibonacci_seq_rec(n) == 55)
-    assert(find_fibonacci_seq_iter(n) == 55)
-    assert(find_fibonacci_seq_form(n) == 55)
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_find_fib()
-
-        

src/builtin_structures/numbers/finding_gcd.py

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-
-def finding_gcd(a, b):
-    ''' implements the greatest common divider algorithm '''
-    while(b != 0):
-        result = b
-        a, b = b, a % b        
-    return result
-
-
-def test_finding_gcd():
-    number1 = 21
-    number2 = 12
-    assert(finding_gcd(number1, number2) == 3)
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_finding_gcd()
-
-
-
-    
-    
-    
-    

src/builtin_structures/numbers/finding_if_prime.py

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-import math
-import random
-
-def finding_prime(number):
-    ''' find whether a number is prime in a simple way'''
-    num = abs(number)
-    if num < 4 : return True
-    for x in range(2, num):
-        if num % x == 0:
-            return False
-    return True
-       
-
-def finding_prime_sqrt(number):
-    ''' find whether a number is prime as soon as it rejects all candidates up to sqrt(n) '''
-    num = abs(number)
-    if num < 4 : return True
-    for x in range(2, int(math.sqrt(num)) + 1):
-        if number % x == 0:
-            return False
-    return True
-
-
-def finding_prime_fermat(number):
-    ''' find whether a number is prime with Fermat's theorem, using probabilistic tests '''
-    if number <= 102:
-        for a in range(2, number):
-            if pow(a, number- 1, number) != 1:
-                return False
-        return True
-    else:
-        for i in range(100):
-            a = random.randint(2, number - 1)
-            if pow(a, number - 1, number) != 1:
-                return False
-        return True
-
-
-
-def test_finding_prime():
-    number1 = 17
-    number2 = 20
-    assert(finding_prime(number1) == True)
-    assert(finding_prime(number2) == False)
-    assert(finding_prime_sqrt(number1) == True)
-    assert(finding_prime_sqrt(number2) == False)
-    assert(finding_prime_fermat(number1) == True)
-    assert(finding_prime_fermat(number2) == False)
-    print('Tests passed!')
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_finding_prime()
-
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/generate_prime.py

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-import math
-import random
-import sys
-from finding_prime import finding_prime_sqrt
-
-
-def generate_prime(number=3):
-    ''' return a n-bit prime '''
-    while 1:
-        p = random.randint(pow(2, number-2), pow(2, number-1)-1)
-        p = 2 * p + 1
-        if finding_prime_sqrt(p):
-            return p
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
-        print ("Usage: generate_prime.py number")
-        sys.exit()
-    else:
-        number = int(sys.argv[1])
-        print(generate_prime(number))
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

src/builtin_structures/numbers/testing_numpy_speed.py

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-import numpy 
-import time
-
-def trad_version():
-    t1 = time.time()
-    X = range(10000000)
-    Y = range(10000000)
-    Z = []
-    for i in range(len(X)):
-        Z.append(X[i] + Y[i])
-    return time.time() - t1
-
-def numpy_version():
-    t1 = time.time()
-    X = numpy.arange(10000000)
-    Y = numpy.arange(10000000)
-    Z = X + Y
-    return time.time() - t1
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    print(trad_version())
-    print(numpy_version())
-
-
-'''
-3.23564291
-0.0714290142059
-'''

src/builtin_structures/primes.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ find prime factors of a number.
 '''
 
 import math
+import random
 
 def find_prime_factors(n):
     '''
@@ -30,6 +31,15 @@ def is_prime(n):
     return True
 
 
+''' return a n-bit prime '''
+def generate_prime(number=3):
+    while 1:
+        p = random.randint(pow(2, number-2), pow(2, number-1)-1)
+        p = 2 * p + 1
+        if find_prime_factors(p):
+            return p
+
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     import doctest

src/builtin_structures/search_entry_matrix.py

@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+__author__ = "bt3"
 
 
-
-def find_elem_matrix_bool(m1, value):
-    ''' Search an Entry in a Matrix where the Rows and columns are Sorted
+''' Search an Entry in a Matrix where the Rows and columns are Sorted
         In this 2D matrix, every row is increasingly sorted from left to right,
         and every column is increasingly sorted from top to bottom.
-        The runtime is O(m+n). '''
+        The runtime is O(m+n).
+'''
+
+def find_elem_matrix_bool(m1, value):
+
     found = False
     row = 0
     col = len(m1[0]) - 1
+
     while row < len(m1) and col >= 0:
+
         if m1[row][col] == value:
             found = True
             break
@@ -20,6 +24,7 @@ def find_elem_matrix_bool(m1, value):
             col-=1
         else:
             row+=1
+
     return found
 
 
@@ -31,9 +36,6 @@ def test_find_elem_matrix_bool(module_name='this module'):
     m2 = [[0]]
     assert(find_elem_matrix_bool(m2,0) == True)
 
-    s = 'Tests in {name} have {con}!'
-    print(s.format(name=module_name, con='passed'))
-
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     test_find_elem_matrix_bool()

src/builtin_structures/sets/removing_duplicates_seq_.py

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-
-def removing_duplicates_seq(seq):
-    ''' if the values are hashable, we can use set and generators to remove duplicates
-        in a sequence '''
-    seen = set()
-    for item in seq:
-        if item not in seen:
-            yield item
-            seen.add(item)
-
-def removing_duplicates_seq_not_hash(seq, key= None):
-    ''' if the item is not hashable, such as dictionaries '''
-    seen = set()
-    for item in seq:
-        val = item if key is None else key[item]
-        if item not in seen:
-            yield item
-            seen.add(val)
-    
-
-
-def test_removing_duplicates_seq():
-    seq = [1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]
-    dict = {'a':1, 'b':2, 'a':2, 'a':1}
-    assert(list(removing_duplicates_seq(seq)) == [1,2,3,4])
-    assert(list(removing_duplicates_seq_not_hash(dict)) == ['a', 'b'])
-    print('Tests passed!'.center(20, '*'))
-    
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    test_removing_duplicates_seq()
-
-

src/builtin_structures/sets/set_operations_dict.py

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-from collections import OrderedDict
-
-def  set_operations_with_dict():
-    ''' find common in 2 dictionaries '''
-    ''' values() do not support set operations!'''
-    
-    pairs = [('a', 1), ('b',2), ('c',3)]
-    d1 = OrderedDict(pairs)
-    print(d1)   # ('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)
-    
-    d2 = {'a':1, 'c':2, 'd':3, 'e':4}
-    print(d2)   # {'a': 1, 'c': 2, 'e': 4, 'd': 3}
-    
-    union = d1.keys() & d2.keys()
-    print(union)    # {'a', 'c'}
-    
-    union_items = d1.items() & d2.items()
-    print(union_items)  # {('a', 1)}
-    
-    subtraction1 = d1.keys() - d2.keys()
-    print(subtraction1)  # {'b'}
-    
-    subtraction2 = d2.keys() - d1.keys()
-    print(subtraction2)  # {'d', 'e'}
-    
-    subtraction_items = d1.items() - d2.items()
-    print(subtraction_items)  # {('b', 2), ('c', 3)}
-
-    ''' we can remove keys from a dict doing: '''
-    d3 = {key:d2[key] for key in d2.keys() - {'c', 'd'}}
-    print(d3) {'a': 1, 'e': 4}
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    set_operations_with_dict()
-

src/builtin_structures/sets/set_operations_with_dict.py

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-from collections import OrderedDict
-
-def  set_operations_with_dict():
-    ''' find common in 2 dictionaries '''
-    ''' values() do not support set operations!'''
-    
-    pairs = [('a', 1), ('b',2), ('c',3)]
-    d1 = OrderedDict(pairs)
-    print(d1)   # ('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)
-    
-    d2 = {'a':1, 'c':2, 'd':3, 'e':4}
-    print(d2)   # {'a': 1, 'c': 2, 'e': 4, 'd': 3}
-    
-    union = d1.keys() & d2.keys()
-    print(union)    # {'a', 'c'}
-    
-    union_items = d1.items() & d2.items()
-    print(union_items)  # {('a', 1)}
-    
-    subtraction1 = d1.keys() - d2.keys()
-    print(subtraction1)  # {'b'}
-    
-    subtraction2 = d2.keys() - d1.keys()
-    print(subtraction2)  # {'d', 'e'}
-    
-    subtraction_items = d1.items() - d2.items()
-    print(subtraction_items)  # {('b', 2), ('c', 3)}
-
-    ''' we can remove keys from a dict doing: '''
-    d3 = {key:d2[key] for key in d2.keys() - {'c', 'd'}}
-    print(d3) {'a': 1, 'e': 4}
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    set_operations_with_dict()
-

src/builtin_structures/tuples/namedtuple_example.py

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python3
-# mari von steinkirch @2013
-# steinkirch at gmail
-
-from collections import namedtuple
-
-def  namedtuple_example():
-    ''' show some examples for namedtuple '''
-    sunnydale = namedtuple('name', ['job', 'age'])
-    buffy = sunnydale('slayer', '17')
-    print(buffy.job)
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    namedtuple_example()
-
-