Passkeys improvements (#10318)

Refactors the Passkey implementation to include more checks and a structure that is more aligned with the official specification.
Notable changes:
- _BrowserService_ no longer does the checks by itself. A new class _BrowserPasskeysClient_ constructs the relevant objects, acting as a client. _BrowserService_ only acts as a bridge between the client and _BrowserPasskeys_ (authenticator) and calls the relevant popups for user interaction.
- A new helper class _PasskeyUtils_ includes the actual checks and parses the objects.
- _BrowserPasskeys_ is pretty much intact, but some functions have been moved to PasskeyUtils.
- Fixes Ed25519 encoding in _BrowserCBOR_.
- Adds new error messages.
- User confirmation for Passkey retrieval is also asked even if `discouraged` is used. This goes against the specification, but currently there's no other way to verify the user.
- `cross-platform` is also accepted for compatibility. This could be removed if there's a potential issue with it.
- Extension data is now handled correctly during Authentication.
- Allowed and excluded credentials are now handled correctly.
- `KPEX_PASSKEY_GENERATED_USER_ID` is renamed to `KPEX_PASSKEY_CREDENTIAL_ID`
- Adds a new option "Allow localhost with Passkeys" to Browser Integration -> Advanced tab. By default it's not allowed to access HTTP sites, but `http://localhost` can be allowed for debugging and testing purposes for local servers.
- Add tag `Passkey` to a Passkey entry, or an entry with an imported Passkey.

Fixes #10287.

src/browser/BrowserMessageBuilder.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  Copyright (C) 2023 KeePassXC Team <team@keepassxc.org>
+ *  Copyright (C) 2024 KeePassXC Team <team@keepassxc.org>
  *
  *  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -55,7 +55,14 @@ namespace
         ERROR_PASSKEYS_INVALID_USER_VERIFICATION = 23,
         ERROR_PASSKEYS_EMPTY_PUBLIC_KEY = 24,
         ERROR_PASSKEYS_INVALID_URL_PROVIDED = 25,
-        ERROR_PASSKEYS_RESIDENT_KEYS_NOT_SUPPORTED = 26,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_ORIGIN_NOT_ALLOWED = 26,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_DOMAIN_IS_NOT_VALID = 27,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_DOMAIN_RPID_MISMATCH = 28,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_NO_SUPPORTED_ALGORITHMS = 29,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_WAIT_FOR_LIFETIMER = 30,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_UNKNOWN_ERROR = 31,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_INVALID_CHALLENGE = 32,
+        ERROR_PASSKEYS_INVALID_USER_ID = 33,
     };
 }