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## Opcodes
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<br>
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EVM instruction set can be classified into 11 categories:
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* Stop and Arithmetic Operations
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* Comparison & Bitwise Logic Operations
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* SHA3
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* Environmental Information
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* Block Information
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* Stack, Memory, Storage and Flow Operations
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* Push Operations
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* Duplication Operations
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* Exchange Operations
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* Logging Operations
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* System Operations
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<br>
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---
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### Stop and Arithmetic Operation
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0x00 STOP 0 0 Halts execution
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0x01 ADD 2 1 Addition operation
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0x02 MUL 2 1 Multiplication operation
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0x03 SUB 2 1 Subtraction operation
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0x04 DIV 2 1 Integer division operation
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0x05 SDIV 2 1 Signed integer division operation (truncated)
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0x06 MOD 2 1 Modulo remainder operation
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0x07 SMOD 2 1 Signed modulo remainder operation
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0x08 ADDMOD 3 1 Modulo addition operation
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0x09 MULMOD 3 1 Modulo multiplication operation
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0x0a EXP 2 1 Exponential operation
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0x0b SIGNEXTEND 2 1 Extend length of two’s complement signed integer
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<br>
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---
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## Comparison & Bitwise Logic Operations
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0x10 LT 2 1 Less-than comparison
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0x11 GT 2 1 Greater-than comparison
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0x12 SLT 2 1 Signed less-than comparison
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0x13 SGT 2 1 Signed greater-than comparison
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0x14 EQ 2 1 Equality comparison
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0x15 ISZERO 1 1 Simple not operator
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0x16 AND 2 1 Bitwise AND operation
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0x17 OR 2 1 Bitwise OR operation
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0x18 XOR 2 1 Bitwise XOR operation
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0x19 NOT 1 1 Bitwise NOT operation
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0x1a BYTE 2 1 Retrieve single byte from word
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0x1b SHL 2 1 Left shift operation
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0x1c SHR 2 1 Logical right shift operation
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0x1d SAR 2 1 Arithmetic (signed) right shift operation
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<br>
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---
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### Environmental Information
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0x30 ADDRESS 0 1 Get address of currently executing account
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0x31 BALANCE 1 1 Get balance of the given account
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0x32 ORIGIN 0 1 Get execution origination address
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0x33 CALLER 0 1 Get caller address
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0x34 CALLVALUE 0 1 Get deposited value by the instruction/transaction responsible for this execution
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0x35 CALLDATALOAD 1 1 Get input data of current environment
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0x36 CALLDATASIZE 0 1 Get size of input data in current environment
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0x37 CALLDATACOPY 3 0 Copy input data in current environment to memory
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0x38 CODESIZE 0 1 Get size of code running in current environment
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0x39 CODECOPY 3 0 Copy code running in current environment to memory
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0x3a GASPRICE 0 1 Get price of gas in current environment
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0x3b EXTCODESIZE 1 1 Get size of an account’s code
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0x3c EXTCODECOPY 4 0 Copy an account’s code to memory
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0x3d RETURNDATASIZE 0 1 Get size of output data from the previous call from the current environment
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0x3e RETURNDATACOPY 3 0 Copy output data from the previous call to memory
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0x3f EXTCODEHASH 1 1 Get hash of an account’s code
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<br>
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---
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### Block Information
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0x40 BLOCKHASH 1 1 Get the hash of one of the 256 most recent complete blocks
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0x41 COINBASE 0 1 Get the block’s beneficiary address
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0x42 TIMESTAMP 0 1 Get the block’s timestamp
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0x43 NUMBER 0 1 Get the block’s number
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0x44 DIFFICULTY 0 1 Get the block’s difficulty
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0x45 GASLIMIT 0 1 Get the block’s gas limit
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<br>
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---
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### Stack, Memory, Storage and Flow Operations
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0x50 POP 1 0 Remove item from stack
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0x51 MLOAD 1 1 Load word from memory
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0x52 MSTORE 2 0 Save word to memory
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0x53 MSTORE8 2 0 Save byte to memory
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0x54 SLOAD 1 1 Load word from storage
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0x55 SSTORE 2 0 Save word to storage
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0x56 JUMP 1 0 Alter the program counter
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0x57 JUMPI 2 0 Conditionally alter the program counter
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0x58 PC 0 1 Get the value of the program counter prior to the increment corresponding to this instruction
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0x59 MSIZE 0 1 Get the size of active memory in bytes
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0x5a GAS 0 1 Get the amount of available gas, including the corresponding reduction for the cost of this instruction
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0x5b JUMPDEST 0 0 Mark a valid destination for jumps. This operation has no effect on machine state during execution.
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<br>
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---
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### Push Operations
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0x60 PUSH1 0 1 Place 1 byte item on stack
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0x61 PUSH2 0 1 Place 2-byte item on stack
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PUSH3, PUSH4, PUSH5…PUSH31 place 3, 4, 5..31 byte items on stack respectively
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0x7f PUSH32 0 1 Place 32-byte (full word) item on stack
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<br>
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---
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### Duplication Operations
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0x80 DUP1 1 2 Duplicate 1st stack item
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DUP2, DUP3..DUP15 duplicate 2nd, 3rd..15th stack item respectively
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0x8f DUP16 16 17 Duplicate 16th stack item
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<br>
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---
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### Exchange Operations
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0x90 SWAP1 2 2 Exchange 1st and 2nd stack items
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0x91 SWAP2 3 3 Exchange 1st and 3rd stack items
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SWAP3, SWAP4..SWAP15 exchange 1st and 4th..15th stack items respectively
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0x9f SWAP16 17 17 Exchange 1st and 17th stack items
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<br>
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---
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### Logging Operations
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0xa0 LOG0 2 0 Append log record with no topics
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0xa1 LOG1 3 0 Append log record with one topic
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0xa2 LOG2 4 0 Append log record with two topics
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0xa3 LOG3 5 0 Append log record with three topics
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0xa4 LOG4 6 0 Append log record with four topics
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<br>
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---
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### System Operations
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0xf0 CREATE 3 1 Create a new account with associated code
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0xf1 CALL 7 1 Message-call into an account
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0xf2 CALLCODE 7 1 Message-call into this account with an alternative account’s code
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0xf3 RETURN 2 0 Halt execution returning output dat
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0xf4 DELEGATECALL 6 1 Message-call into this account with an alternative account’s code, but persisting the current values for sender and value
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0xf5 CREATE2 4 1 Create a new account with associated code
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0xfa STATICCALL 6 1 Static message-call into an account
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0xfd REVERT 2 0 Halt execution reverting state changes but returning data and remaining gas
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0xfe INVALID ∅ ∅ Designated invalid instruction
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0xff SELFDESTRUCT 1 0 Halt execution and register account for later deletion
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