Merge pull request #1834 from G10h4ck/android_debug_documentation

Improve RetroShare Android tools and documentation
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G10h4ck 2020-03-31 22:43:39 +02:00 committed by GitHub
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= RetroShare development on Android
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: RetroShare Team <contact@retroshare.cc>
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Compile Retroshare for Android
==============================
Compiling an application for Android is not as easy as one would imagine,
expecially one like RetroShare that has a big codebase and is not well
@ -179,7 +179,130 @@ Opening RetroShare android app now should show your old profile.
== Debugging with GDB
QtCreator actually support debugging only for the foreground activity, so to
If building RetroShare Android package seems tricky, setting up a functional
debugging environement for it feels like black magic. This section is meant to
help you doing it with less headache and hopefully in a reproducible way.
Unfortunately at the time of the last update to this guide, Qt build system
strips debugging symbols from the package and from the buildroot also if you
compile with debugging enabled. Fiddling with `qmake` configurations and
variables like `CONFIG+=debug`, `CONFIG+=force_debug_info` or `QMAKE_STRIP`
either as commandline arguments or inside retroshare `.pro` and `.pri` files is
uneffective. IMHO Qt should handle this on itself so it is probably worth
reporting a bug to them. So to workaround this problem you need to fiddle a bit
with the Android NDK. In my case I always keep +Debug+ or +Release+ suffix in
my build directory name depending on what kind of build it is, so I use this
information and modify `llvm-strip` in a way that it will strip only if stripped
file path doesn't contain +Debug+.
.Modify llvm-strip inside Android NDK
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Set ANDROID_NDK_PATH to your Android NDK installation path
export ANDROID_NDK_PATH="/opt/android-ndk/"
## Define a convenience variable with llvm-strip path
export ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP="${ANDROID_NDK_PATH}/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/llvm-strip"
## If not existing yer create a backup of the original llvm-strip
[ -f "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}.back" ] ||
cp "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}" "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}.back"
## Create a new llvm-strip that does nothing if the argument path contains Debug
cat > "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}" << LLVMSTRIPTRICK
#!/bin/bash
echo "\${2}" | grep -q Debug ||
"${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}.back" --strip-all "\${2}"
LLVMSTRIPTRICK
## Eventually you can revert back simply by running
# `mv "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}.back" "${ANDROID_NDK_LLVM_STRIP}"`
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To attach to the `retroshare-service` running on Android you need also to pull a
debugging sysroot out of your device first, RetroShare sources provides an
helper script to do that.
.Prepare debugging sysroot with helper script
[source,bash]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Set RetroShare source path
export RS_SOURCE_DIR="${HOME}/Development/rs-develop"
## Optionally set your device ID first available will be used, you can run
## `adb devices` to list available devices.
#export ANDROID_SERIAL="YT013PSPGK"
## Optionally set a path where to save the debugging sysroot otherwise default
## is used.
#export DEBUG_SYSROOT="${HOME}/Builds/debug_sysroot/${ANDROID_SERIAL}/"
## Run the helper script
${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/build_scripts/Android/pull_sysroot.sh
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.Prepare Android NDK GDB configurations
[source,bash]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Optionally set Qt version variable consistently with your installation
export QT_VERSION="5.12.4"
## Optionally set Qt architecture variable consistently with Android device
export QT_ARCH="arm64_v8a"
## Optionally set Qt path variable consistently with your installation
export QT_DIR="/opt/Qt-${QT_VERSION}/${QT_VERSION}/"
## Optionally set RetroShare buildroot path
export RS_BUILD_DIR="${HOME}/Builds/RetroShare-Android_for_${QT_ARCH}_Clang_Qt_${QT_VERSION//./_}_android_${QT_ARCH}-Debug/"
## Optionally set gdb config file path
export GDB_CONFIGS_FILE="${HOME}/Builds/gdb_configs_${QT_ARCH}"
## Generate Android NDK GDB configuration
${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/build_scripts/Android/generate_gdb_init_commands.sh
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You will need to run the following steps everytime you want to debug
`retroshare-service` on Android.
Make sure `retroshare-service` is running on your connected Android device.
.Run GDB server on your Android device from your host console
[source,bash]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/build_scripts/Android/start_gdbserver.sh
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.Run Android NDK GDB on your workstation and attach
[source,bash]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Start NDK gdb
${ANDROID_NDK_PATH}/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/gdb
## Instruct GDB how and where to find debugging symbols
(gdb) source $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
## Connect to the gdbserver running on the phone
(gdb) target remote 127.0.01:5039
## Have fun debugging
(gdb)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
== Debugging with Qt Creator
WARNING: As of the last update to this guide, debugging retroshare-service
running on Android via Qt creator doesn't wrok even with all the trickery
explained in this section, you better learn how to debug with GDB reading
carefully previous section.
Qt Creator actually support debugging only for the foreground activity, so to
debug what's happening in the core extra trickery is needed.
- Run the App in Debug mode from QtCreator "Start Debugging" button
@ -239,6 +362,17 @@ TIP: Some time WiFi power saving on Android mess with the GDB connection,
to prevent that from appening open another +adb shell+ and live +ping+ toward
your work-station running
== Embedding into other Android packages
As showed by https://elrepo.io/[elRepo.io] developers it is possible and quite
easy to embed `retroshare-service` into other Android packages see description
https://gitlab.com/elRepo.io/elRepo.io-android/-/blob/master/README.adoc
And implementation details
https://gitlab.com/elRepo.io/elRepo.io-android/-/blob/master/android/app/build.gradle
== Furter Readings
@ -254,3 +388,12 @@ your work-station running
- link:https://fw4spl-org.github.io/fw4spl-blog/2015/07/27/Native-debugging-on-Android-with-QtCreator.html[]
- link:https://fragglet.livejournal.com/19646.html[]
- link:https://github.com/android-ndk/ndk/issues/773[How to build without using standalone toolchain?]
== License
Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org> +
Copyright (C) 2020 Asociación Civil Altermundi <info@altermundi.net> +
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License.
image::https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png[Creative Commons License, link=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/]

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#!/bin/bash
# Script to prepare Android NDK GDB configurations to debug retroshare-service
#
# Copyright (C) 2020 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org>
# Copyright (C) 2020 Asociación Civil Altermundi <info@altermundi.net>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation, version 3.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along
# with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
## Define default value for variable, take two arguments, $1 variable name,
## $2 default variable value, if the variable is not already define define it
## with default value.
function define_default_value()
{
VAR_NAME="${1}"
DEFAULT_VALUE="${2}"
[ -z "${!VAR_NAME}" ] && export ${VAR_NAME}="${DEFAULT_VALUE}"
}
define_default_value QT_VERSION "5.12.4"
define_default_value QT_ARCH "arm64_v8a"
define_default_value QT_DIR "/opt/Qt-${QT_VERSION}/${QT_VERSION}/"
define_default_value ANDROID_SERIAL "$(adb devices | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $1}')"
define_default_value RS_BUILD_DIR "${HOME}/Builds/RetroShare-Android_for_${QT_ARCH}_Clang_Qt_${QT_VERSION//./_}_android_${QT_ARCH}-Debug/"
define_default_value RS_SOURCE_DIR "${HOME}/Development/rs-develop/"
define_default_value DEBUG_SYSROOT "${HOME}/Builds/debug_sysroot/${ANDROID_SERIAL}/"
define_default_value GDB_CONFIGS_FILE "${HOME}/Builds/gdb_configs_${QT_ARCH}"
scanDir()
{
find "$1" -type d -not -path '*/\.git/*' | tr '\n' ':' >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
}
putSeparator()
{
echo >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
echo >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
}
echo "set sysroot ${DEBUG_SYSROOT}" > $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
putSeparator
echo "set auto-solib-add on" >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
echo -n "set solib-search-path " >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
scanDir "${RS_BUILD_DIR}"
scanDir "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}"
scanDir "${QT_DIR}/android_${QT_ARCH}/lib/"
scanDir "${QT_DIR}/android_${QT_ARCH}/plugins/"
scanDir "${QT_DIR}/android_${QT_ARCH}/qml/"
putSeparator
echo -n "directory " >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/jsonapi-generator/src
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/libbitdht/src
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/openpgpsdk/src
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/libretroshare/src
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/retroshare-service/src
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/supportlibs/rapidjson/include/
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/supportlibs/restbed/source/
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/supportlibs/udp-discovery-cpp/
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/supportlibs/restbed/dependency/asio/asio/include/
scanDir ${RS_SOURCE_DIR}/supportlibs/restbed/dependency/catch/include/
putSeparator
## see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28972367/gdb-backtrace-without-stopping
echo "catch signal SIGSEGV" >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
echo "commands
bt
continue
end" >> $GDB_CONFIGS_FILE
putSeparator
echo GDB_CONFIGS_FILE=$GDB_CONFIGS_FILE

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# Script to prepare RetroShare Android package building toolchain
#
# Copyright (C) 2016-2019 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org>
# Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the

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#!/bin/bash
# Script to pull debugging sysroot from Android devices
#
# Copyright (C) 2020 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org>
# Copyright (C) 2020 Asociación Civil Altermundi <info@altermundi.net>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation, version 3.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along
# with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
<<"ASCIIDOC"
Pull files from Android device to prepare a debugging sysroot
Inspired by:
https://fw4spl-org.github.io/fw4spl-blog/2015/07/27/Native-debugging-on-Android-with-QtCreator.html
The goal is to have a local copy of the sysroot of the connected device.
For that we use the command `adb pull <remote_dir_or_file> <local_dir_or_file>`
We will get a copy of:
- `/system/lib/`
- `/vendor/lib/`
- `libc.so`
- `libcutils.so`
As well as the binaries `linker` and `app_process`
IMPORTANT:
from one device to another, the remote file `app_process` can be a binary file
or a symlink to a binary file - which is NOT ok for us.
That's so we will try to pull every known possible variants of `app_process`,
e.g. `app_process32` or `app_process_init`
ASCIIDOC
## Define default value for variable, take two arguments, $1 variable name,
## $2 default variable value, if the variable is not already define define it
## with default value.
function define_default_value()
{
VAR_NAME="${1}"
DEFAULT_VALUE="${2}"
[ -z "${!VAR_NAME}" ] && export ${VAR_NAME}="${DEFAULT_VALUE}"
}
define_default_value ANDROID_SERIAL "$(adb devices | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $1}')"
define_default_value DEBUG_SYSROOT "${HOME}/Builds/debug_sysroot/${ANDROID_SERIAL}/"
rm -rf "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}"
for mDir in "/system/lib/" "/vendor/lib/"; do
mkdir -p "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/${mDir}"
# adb pull doesn't behave like rsync dirA/ dirB/ so avoid nesting the
# directory by deleting last one before copying
rmdir "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/${mDir}"
adb pull "${mDir}" "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/${mDir}"
done
# Retrieve the specific binaries - some of these adb commands will fail, since
# some files may not exist, but that's ok.
mkdir -p "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/system/bin/"
for mBin in "/system/bin/linker" "/system/bin/app_process" \
"/system/bin/app_process_init" "/system/bin/app_process32" \
"/system/bin/app_process64" ; do
adb pull "${mBin}" "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/${mBin}"
done
# Verify which variants of the specific binaries could be pulled
echo
echo "Found the following specific binaries:"
echo
ls -1 "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/system/bin/"*
ls -1 "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/system/lib/libc.so"*
ls -1 "${DEBUG_SYSROOT}/system/lib/libcutils.so"*
echo
echo DEBUG_SYSROOT="${DEBUG_SYSROOT}"

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#!/bin/bash
# Script to start gdbserver on Android device and attach to retroshare-service
#
# Copyright (C) 2020 Gioacchino Mazzurco <gio@eigenlab.org>
# Copyright (C) 2020 Asociación Civil Altermundi <info@altermundi.net>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation, version 3.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along
# with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
<<"ASCIIDOC"
Start gdbserver on Android device and attach it to the retroshare service
process
Inspired by:
https://fw4spl-org.github.io/fw4spl-blog/2015/07/27/Native-debugging-on-Android-with-QtCreator.html
ASCIIDOC
## Define default value for variable, take two arguments, $1 variable name,
## $2 default variable value, if the variable is not already define define it
## with default value.
function define_default_value()
{
VAR_NAME="${1}"
DEFAULT_VALUE="${2}"
[ -z "${!VAR_NAME}" ] && export ${VAR_NAME}="${DEFAULT_VALUE}"
}
define_default_value ANDROID_APK_PACKAGE "org.retroshare.service"
define_default_value ANDROID_PROCESS_NAME "org.retroshare.service:rs"
define_default_value ANDROID_SERIAL "$(adb devices | head -n 2 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $1}')"
define_default_value GDB_SERVER_PORT 5039
adb_shell()
{
adb shell run-as ${ANDROID_APK_PACKAGE} $@
}
## If not passed as environement variable try to determine gdbserver path
## shipped withing Android package
[ -z "${LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH}" ] &&
{
for mUsualPath in \
"/data/data/${ANDROID_APK_PACKAGE}/lib/libgdbserver.so" \
"/data/app/${ANDROID_APK_PACKAGE}"*"/lib/arm64/libgdbserver.so"
do
adb_shell ls "${mUsualPath}" &&
export LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH="${mUsualPath}" && break
done
}
[ -z "${LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH}" ] &&
{
cat <<EOF
libgdbserver.so not found in any of the usual path attempting to look for it
with find, it will take a bunch of time. Take note of the discovered path and
define LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH on your commandline at next run to avoid waiting
again.
EOF
tFile="$(mktemp)"
adb_shell find -type f -name 'libgdbserver.so' / | \
grep ${ANDROID_APK_PACKAGE} | tee "${tFile}"
LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH="$(head -n 1 "${tFile}")"
rm "${tFile}"
}
[ -z "${LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH}" ] &&
{
echo "Cannot find libgdbserver.so, are you sure your package ships it?"
exit -1
}
mPid="$(adb_shell ps | grep ${ANDROID_PROCESS_NAME} | awk '{print $2}')"
[ -z "${mPid}" ] &&
{
echo "Failed ${ANDROID_PROCESS_NAME} PID retrival are you sure it is running?"
exit -2
}
## Establish port forwarding so we can connect to gdbserver with gdb
adb forward tcp:${GDB_SERVER_PORT} tcp:${GDB_SERVER_PORT}
((adb_shell ${LIB_GDB_SERVER_PATH} 127.0.0.1:${GDB_SERVER_PORT} --attach ${mPid})&)