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<section id="using-reticulum-on-your-system">
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<span id="using-main"></span><h1>Using Reticulum on Your System<a class="headerlink" href="#using-reticulum-on-your-system" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<p>Reticulum is not installed as a driver or kernel module, as one might expect
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of a networking stack. Instead, Reticulum is distributed as a Python module,
|
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containing the networking core, and a set of utility and daemon programs.</p>
|
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<p>This means that no special privileges are required to install or use it. It
|
||
is also very light-weight, and easy to transfer to, and install on new systems.</p>
|
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<p>When you have Reticulum installed, any program or application that uses Reticulum
|
||
will automatically load and initialise Reticulum when it starts, if it is not
|
||
already running.</p>
|
||
<p>In many cases, this approach is sufficient. When any program needs to use
|
||
Reticulum, it is loaded, initialised, interfaces are brought up, and the
|
||
program can now communicate over any Reticulum networks available. If another
|
||
program starts up and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the already
|
||
running instance is simply shared. This works for any number of programs running
|
||
concurrently, and is very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there
|
||
are other options.</p>
|
||
<section id="configuration-data">
|
||
<h2>Configuration & Data<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-data" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum stores all information that it needs to function in a single file-system
|
||
directory. When Reticulum is started, it will look for a valid configuration
|
||
directory in the following places:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/reticulum</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/reticulum</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>If no existing configuration directory is found, the directory <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum</span></code>
|
||
is created, and the default configuration will be automatically created here.
|
||
You can move it to one of the other locations if you wish.</p>
|
||
<p>It is also possible to use completely arbitrary configuration directories by
|
||
specifying the relevant command-line parameters when running Reticulum-based
|
||
programs. You can also run multiple separate Reticulum instances on the same
|
||
physical system, either in isolation from each other, or connected together.</p>
|
||
<p>In most cases, a single physical system will only need to run one Reticulum
|
||
instance. This can either be launched at boot, as a system service, or simply
|
||
be brought up when a program needs it. In either case, any number of programs
|
||
running on the same system will automatically share the same Reticulum instance,
|
||
if the configuration allows for it, which it does by default.</p>
|
||
<p>The entire configuration of Reticulum is found in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/config</span></code>
|
||
file. When Reticulum is first started on a new system, a basic, but fully functional
|
||
configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># This is the default Reticulum config file.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># You should probably edit it to include any additional,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># interfaces and settings you might need.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Only the most basic options are included in this default</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># configuration. To see a more verbose, and much longer,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># configuration example, you can run the command:</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># rnsd --exampleconfig</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">[reticulum]</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># If you enable Transport, your system will route traffic</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># for other peers, pass announces and serve path requests.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># This should be done for systems that are suited to act</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># as transport nodes, ie. if they are stationary and</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># always-on. This directive is optional and can be removed</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># for brevity.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="na">enable_transport</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">No</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># By default, the first program to launch the Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Network Stack will create a shared instance, that other</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># programs can communicate with. Only the shared instance</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># opens all the configured interfaces directly, and other</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># local programs communicate with the shared instance over</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># a local socket. This is completely transparent to the</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># user, and should generally be turned on. This directive</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># is optional and can be removed for brevity.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="na">share_instance</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">Yes</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># If you want to run multiple *different* shared instances</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># on the same system, you will need to specify different</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># instance names for each. On platforms supporting domain</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># sockets, this can be done with the instance_name option:</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="na">instance_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">default</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Some platforms don't support domain sockets, and if that</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># is the case, you can isolate different instances by</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># specifying a unique set of ports for each:</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># shared_instance_port = 37428</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># instance_control_port = 37429</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># If you want to explicitly use TCP for shared instance</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># communication, instead of domain sockets, this is also</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># possible, by using the following option:</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># shared_instance_type = tcp</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># On systems where running instances may not have access</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># to the same shared Reticulum configuration directory,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># it is still possible to allow full interactivity for</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># running instances, by manually specifying a shared RPC</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># key. In almost all cases, this option is not needed, but</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># it can be useful on operating systems such as Android.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># The key must be specified as bytes in hexadecimal.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># rpc_key = e5c032d3ec4e64a6aca9927ba8ab73336780f6d71790</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># It is possible to allow remote management of Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># systems using the various built-in utilities, such as</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># rnstatus and rnpath. You will need to specify one or</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># more Reticulum Identity hashes for authenticating the</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># queries from client programs. For this purpose, you can</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># use existing identity files, or generate new ones with</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># the rnid utility.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># enable_remote_management = yes</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># remote_management_allowed = 9fb6d773498fb3feda407ed8ef2c3229, 2d882c5586e548d79b5af27bca1776dc</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># You can configure Reticulum to panic and forcibly close</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># if an unrecoverable interface error occurs, such as the</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># hardware device for an interface disappearing. This is</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># an optional directive, and can be left out for brevity.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># This behaviour is disabled by default.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># panic_on_interface_error = No</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># When Transport is enabled, it is possible to allow the</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Transport Instance to respond to probe requests from</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># the rnprobe utility. This can be a useful tool to test</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># connectivity. When this option is enabled, the probe</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># destination will be generated from the Identity of the</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Transport Instance, and printed to the log at startup.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Optional, and disabled by default.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># respond_to_probes = No</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">[logging]</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Valid log levels are 0 through 7:</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 0: Log only critical information</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 1: Log errors and lower log levels</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 2: Log warnings and lower log levels</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 3: Log notices and lower log levels</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 4: Log info and lower (this is the default)</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 5: Verbose logging</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 6: Debug logging</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># 7: Extreme logging</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="na">loglevel</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">4</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># The interfaces section defines the physical and virtual</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># interfaces Reticulum will use to communicate on. This</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># section will contain examples for a variety of interface</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># types. You can modify these or use them as a basis for</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># your own config, or simply remove the unused ones.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="k">[interfaces]</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># This interface enables communication with other</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># link-local Reticulum nodes over UDP. It does not</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># need any functional IP infrastructure like routers</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># or DHCP servers, but will require that at least link-</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># local IPv6 is enabled in your operating system, which</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># should be enabled by default in almost any OS. See</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># the Reticulum Manual for more configuration options.</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">[[Default Interface]]</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">AutoInterface</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">interface_enabled</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">True</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If Reticulum infrastructure already exists locally, you probably don’t need to
|
||
change anything, and you may already be connected to a wider network. If not,
|
||
you will probably need to add relevant <em>interfaces</em> to the configuration, in
|
||
order to communicate with other systems.</p>
|
||
<p>You can generate a much more verbose configuration example by running the command:</p>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span> <span class="pre">--exampleconfig</span></code></p>
|
||
<p>The output includes examples for most interface types supported
|
||
by Reticulum, along with additional options and configuration parameters.</p>
|
||
<p>It is a good idea to read the comments and explanations in the above default config.
|
||
It will teach you the basic concepts you need to understand to configure your network.
|
||
Once you have done that, take a look at the <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">Interfaces</span></a> chapter
|
||
of this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="included-utility-programs">
|
||
<h2>Included Utility Programs<a class="headerlink" href="#included-utility-programs" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum includes a range of useful utilities, both for managing your Reticulum
|
||
networks, and for carrying out common tasks over Reticulum networks, such as
|
||
transferring files to remote systems, and executing commands and programs remotely.</p>
|
||
<p>If you often use Reticulum from several different programs, or simply want
|
||
Reticulum to stay available all the time, for example if you are hosting
|
||
a transport node, you might want to run Reticulum as a separate service that
|
||
other programs, applications and services can utilise.</p>
|
||
<section id="the-rnsd-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnsd Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnsd-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>It is very easy to run Reticulum as a service. Simply run the included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> command.
|
||
When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> is running, it will keep all configured interfaces open, handle transport if
|
||
it is enabled, and allow any other programs to immediately utilise the
|
||
Reticulum network it is configured for.</p>
|
||
<p>You can even run multiple instances of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> with different configurations on
|
||
the same system.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code>:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnsd
|
||
|
||
[2023-08-18 17:59:56] [Notice] Started rnsd version 0.5.8
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> in service mode, ensuring all logging output is sent directly to file:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnsd -s
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Generate a verbose and detailed configuration example, with explanations of all the
|
||
various configuration options, and interface configuration examples:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnsd --exampleconfig
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnsd.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [-s] [--exampleconfig] [--version]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
-v, --verbose
|
||
-q, --quiet
|
||
-s, --service rnsd is running as a service and should log to file
|
||
-i, --interactive drop into interactive shell after initialisation
|
||
--exampleconfig print verbose configuration example to stdout and exit
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You can easily add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> as an always-on service by <a class="reference internal" href="#using-systemd"><span class="std std-ref">configuring a service</span></a>.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnstatus-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnstatus Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnstatus-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> utility, you can view the status of configured Reticulum
|
||
interfaces, similar to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ifconfig</span></code> program.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code>:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus
|
||
|
||
Shared Instance[37428]
|
||
Status : Up
|
||
Serving : 1 program
|
||
Rate : 1.00 Gbps
|
||
Traffic : 83.13 KB↑
|
||
86.10 KB↓
|
||
|
||
AutoInterface[Local]
|
||
Status : Up
|
||
Mode : Full
|
||
Rate : 10.00 Mbps
|
||
Peers : 1 reachable
|
||
Traffic : 63.23 KB↑
|
||
80.17 KB↓
|
||
|
||
TCPInterface[RNS Testnet Dublin/dublin.connect.reticulum.network:4965]
|
||
Status : Up
|
||
Mode : Full
|
||
Rate : 10.00 Mbps
|
||
Traffic : 187.27 KB↑
|
||
74.17 KB↓
|
||
|
||
RNodeInterface[RNode UHF]
|
||
Status : Up
|
||
Mode : Access Point
|
||
Rate : 1.30 kbps
|
||
Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8>
|
||
Traffic : 8.49 KB↑
|
||
9.23 KB↓
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b> running
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Filter output to only show some interfaces:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus rnode
|
||
|
||
RNodeInterface[RNode UHF]
|
||
Status : Up
|
||
Mode : Access Point
|
||
Rate : 1.30 kbps
|
||
Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8>
|
||
Traffic : 8.49 KB↑
|
||
9.23 KB↓
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a1cd36144a270e13b> running
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-A]
|
||
[-l] [-t] [-s SORT] [-r] [-j] [-R hash] [-i path]
|
||
[-w seconds] [-d] [-D] [-m] [-I seconds] [-v] [filter]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Network Stack Status
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
filter only display interfaces with names including filter
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
-a, --all show all interfaces
|
||
-A, --announce-stats show announce stats
|
||
-l, --link-stats show link stats
|
||
-t, --totals display traffic totals
|
||
-s, --sort SORT sort interfaces by [rate, traffic, rx, tx, rxs, txs,
|
||
announces, arx, atx, held]
|
||
-r, --reverse reverse sorting
|
||
-j, --json output in JSON format
|
||
-R hash transport identity hash of remote instance to get status from
|
||
-i path path to identity used for remote management
|
||
-w seconds timeout before giving up on remote queries
|
||
-d, --discovered list discovered interfaces
|
||
-D show details and config entries for discovered interfaces
|
||
-m, --monitor continuously monitor status
|
||
-I, --monitor-interval seconds
|
||
refresh interval for monitor mode (default: 1)
|
||
-v, --verbose
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p>When using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-R</span></code> to query a remote transport instance, you must also specify <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code> with the path to a management identity file that is authorized for remote management on the target system.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnid-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnid Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnid-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnid</span></code> utility, you can generate, manage and view Reticulum Identities.
|
||
The program can also calculate Destination hashes, and perform encryption and
|
||
decryption of files.</p>
|
||
<p>Using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnid</span></code>, it is possible to asymmetrically encrypt files and information for
|
||
any Reticulum destination hash, and also to create and verify cryptographic signatures.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Generate a new Identity:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -g ./new_identity
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Display Identity key information:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i ./new_identity -p
|
||
|
||
Loaded Identity <984b74a3f768bef236af4371e6f248cd> from new_id
|
||
Public Key : 0f4259fef4521ab75a3409e353fe9073eb10783b4912a6a9937c57bf44a62c1e
|
||
Private Key : Hidden
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Encrypt a file for an LXMF user:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i 8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695 -e my_file.txt
|
||
|
||
Recalled Identity <bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c> for destination <8dd57a738226809646089335a6b03695>
|
||
Encrypting my_file.txt
|
||
File my_file.txt encrypted for <bc7291552be7a58f361522990465165c> to my_file.txt.rfe
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If the Identity for the destination is not already known, you can fetch it from the network by using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-R</span></code> command-line option:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -R -i 30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9 -e my_file.txt
|
||
|
||
Requesting unknown Identity for <30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9>...
|
||
Received Identity <2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d> for destination <30602def3b3506a28ed33db6f60cc6c9> from the network
|
||
Encrypting my_file.txt
|
||
File my_file.txt encrypted for <2b489d06eaf7c543808c76a5332a447d> to my_file.txt.rfe
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Decrypt a file using the Reticulum Identity it was encrypted for:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnid -i ./my_identity -d my_file.txt.rfe
|
||
|
||
Loaded Identity <2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294> from ./my_identity
|
||
Decrypting ./my_file.txt.rfe...
|
||
File ./my_file.txt.rfe decrypted with <2225fdeecaf6e2db4556c3c2d7637294> to ./my_file.txt
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnid.py [-h] [--config path] [-i identity] [-g path] [-v] [-q] [-a aspects]
|
||
[-H aspects] [-e path] [-d path] [-s path] [-V path] [-r path] [-w path]
|
||
[-f] [-R] [-t seconds] [-p] [-P] [--version]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Identity & Encryption Utility
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
-i, --identity identity
|
||
hexadecimal Reticulum identity or destination hash, or path to Identity file
|
||
-g, --generate file generate a new Identity
|
||
-m, --import identity_data
|
||
import Reticulum identity in hex, base32 or base64 format
|
||
-x, --export export identity to hex, base32 or base64 format
|
||
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
|
||
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
|
||
-a, --announce aspects
|
||
announce a destination based on this Identity
|
||
-H, --hash aspects show destination hashes for other aspects for this Identity
|
||
-e, --encrypt file encrypt file
|
||
-d, --decrypt file decrypt file
|
||
-s, --sign path sign file
|
||
-V, --validate path validate signature
|
||
-r, --read file input file path
|
||
-w, --write file output file path
|
||
-f, --force write output even if it overwrites existing files
|
||
-R, --request request unknown Identities from the network
|
||
-t seconds identity request timeout before giving up
|
||
-p, --print-identity print identity info and exit
|
||
-P, --print-private allow displaying private keys
|
||
-b, --base64 Use base64-encoded input and output
|
||
-B, --base32 Use base32-encoded input and output
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnpath-utility">
|
||
<span id="utility-rnpath"></span><h3>The rnpath Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnpath-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code> utility, you can look up and view paths for
|
||
destinations on the Reticulum network.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Resolve path to a destination:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806
|
||
|
||
Path found, destination <c89b4da064bf66d280f0e4d8abfd9806> is 4 hops away via <f53a1c4278e0726bb73fcc623d6ce763> on TCPInterface[Testnet/dublin.connect.reticulum.network:4965]
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-m hops] [-r] [-d] [-D]
|
||
[-x] [-w seconds] [-R hash] [-i path] [-W seconds] [-b] [-B] [-U]
|
||
[--duration DURATION] [--reason REASON] [-p] [-j] [-v]
|
||
[destination] [list_filter]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Path Management Utility
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
destination hexadecimal hash of the destination
|
||
list_filter filter for remote blackhole list view
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
-t, --table show all known paths
|
||
-m, --max hops maximum hops to filter path table by
|
||
-r, --rates show announce rate info
|
||
-d, --drop remove the path to a destination
|
||
-D, --drop-announces drop all queued announces
|
||
-x, --drop-via drop all paths via specified transport instance
|
||
-w seconds timeout before giving up
|
||
-R hash transport identity hash of remote instance to manage
|
||
-i path path to identity used for remote management
|
||
-W seconds timeout before giving up on remote queries
|
||
-b, --blackholed list blackholed identities
|
||
-B, --blackhole blackhole identity
|
||
-U, --unblackhole unblackhole identity
|
||
--duration DURATION duration of blackhole enforcement in hours
|
||
--reason REASON reason for blackholing identity
|
||
-p, --blackholed-list
|
||
view published blackhole list for remote transport instance
|
||
-j, --json output in JSON format
|
||
-v, --verbose
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnprobe-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnprobe Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnprobe-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnprobe</span></code> utility lets you probe a destination for connectivity, similar
|
||
to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ping</span></code> program. Please note that probes will only be answered if the
|
||
specified destination is configured to send proofs for received packets. Many
|
||
destinations will not have this option enabled, so most destinations will not
|
||
be probable.</p>
|
||
<p>You can enable a probe-reply destination on Reticulum Transport Instances by
|
||
setting the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">respond_to_probes</span></code> configuration directive. Reticulum will then
|
||
print the probe destination to the log on Transport Instance startup.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Probe a destination:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnprobe rnstransport.probe 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708
|
||
|
||
Sent 16 byte probe to <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
|
||
Valid reply received from <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
|
||
Round-trip time is 38.469 milliseconds over 2 hops
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Send a larger probe:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnprobe rnstransport.probe 2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708 -s 256
|
||
|
||
Sent 16 byte probe to <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
|
||
Valid reply received from <2d03725b327348980d570f739a3a5708>
|
||
Round-trip time is 38.781 milliseconds over 2 hops
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If the interface that receives the probe replies supports reporting radio
|
||
parameters such as <strong>RSSI</strong> and <strong>SNR</strong>, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnprobe</span></code> utility will print
|
||
these as part of the result as well.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnprobe rnstransport.probe e7536ee90bd4a440e130490b87a25124
|
||
|
||
Sent 16 byte probe to <e7536ee90bd4a440e130490b87a25124>
|
||
Valid reply received from <e7536ee90bd4a440e130490b87a25124>
|
||
Round-trip time is 1.809 seconds over 1 hop [RSSI -73 dBm] [SNR 12.0 dB]
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnprobe [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-s SIZE] [-n PROBES]
|
||
[-t seconds] [-w seconds] [--version] [-v]
|
||
[full_name] [destination_hash]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Probe Utility
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
full_name full destination name in dotted notation
|
||
destination_hash hexadecimal hash of the destination
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
-s SIZE, --size SIZE size of probe packet payload in bytes
|
||
-n PROBES, --probes PROBES
|
||
number of probes to send
|
||
-t seconds, --timeout seconds
|
||
timeout before giving up
|
||
-w seconds, --wait seconds
|
||
time between each probe
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
-v, --verbose
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rncp-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rncp Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rncp-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rncp</span></code> utility is a simple file transfer tool. Using it, you can transfer
|
||
files through Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Run rncp on the receiving system, specifying which identities are allowed to send files:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --listen -a 1726dbad538775b5bf9b0ea25a4079c8 -a c50cc4e4f7838b6c31f60ab9032cbc62
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You can also specify allowed identity hashes (one per line) in the file ~/.rncp/allowed_identities
|
||
and simply running the program in listener mode:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --listen
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>From another system, copy a file to the receiving system:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Or fetch a file from the remote system:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp --fetch ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The default identity file is stored in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/identities/rncp</span></code>, but you can use
|
||
another one, which will be created if it does not already exist</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rncp ~/path/to/file.tgz 73cbd378bb0286ed11a707c13447bb1e -i /path/to/identity
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rncp [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-S] [-l] [-F] [-f]
|
||
[-j path] [-b seconds] [-a allowed_hash] [-n] [-p]
|
||
[-i identity] [-w seconds] [--version] [file] [destination]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum File Transfer Utility
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
file file to be transferred
|
||
destination hexadecimal hash of the receiver
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
|
||
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
|
||
-S, --silent disable transfer progress output
|
||
-l, --listen listen for incoming transfer requests
|
||
-C, --no-compress disable automatic compression
|
||
-F, --allow-fetch allow authenticated clients to fetch files
|
||
-f, --fetch fetch file from remote listener instead of sending
|
||
-j, --jail path restrict fetch requests to specified path
|
||
-s, --save path save received files in specified path
|
||
-O, --overwrite Allow overwriting received files, instead of adding postfix
|
||
-b seconds announce interval, 0 to only announce at startup
|
||
-a allowed_hash allow this identity (or add in ~/.rncp/allowed_identities)
|
||
-n, --no-auth accept requests from anyone
|
||
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
|
||
-i identity path to identity to use
|
||
-w seconds sender timeout before giving up
|
||
-P, --phy-rates display physical layer transfer rates
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnx-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnx Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnx-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnx</span></code> utility is a basic remote command execution program. It allows you to
|
||
execute commands on remote systems over Reticulum, and to view returned command
|
||
output. For a fully interactive remote shell solution, be sure to also take a look
|
||
at the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh">rnsh</a> program.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Run rnx on the listening system, specifying which identities are allowed to execute commands:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx --listen -a 941bed5e228775e5a8079fc38b1ccf3f -a 1b03013c25f1c2ca068a4f080b844a10
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>From another system, run a command on the remote:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 "cat /proc/cpuinfo"
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Or enter the interactive mode pseudo-shell:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -x
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The default identity file is stored in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/identities/rnx</span></code>, but you can use
|
||
another one, which will be created if it does not already exist</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnx 7a55144adf826958a9529a3bcf08b149 -i /path/to/identity -x
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnx [-h] [--config path] [-v] [-q] [-p] [-l] [-i identity] [-x] [-b] [-n] [-N]
|
||
[-d] [-m] [-a allowed_hash] [-w seconds] [-W seconds] [--stdin STDIN]
|
||
[--stdout STDOUT] [--stderr STDERR] [--version] [destination] [command]
|
||
|
||
Reticulum Remote Execution Utility
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
destination hexadecimal hash of the listener
|
||
command command to be execute
|
||
|
||
optional arguments:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
|
||
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
|
||
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
|
||
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
|
||
-l, --listen listen for incoming commands
|
||
-i identity path to identity to use
|
||
-x, --interactive enter interactive mode
|
||
-b, --no-announce don't announce at program start
|
||
-a allowed_hash accept from this identity
|
||
-n, --noauth accept files from anyone
|
||
-N, --noid don't identify to listener
|
||
-d, --detailed show detailed result output
|
||
-m mirror exit code of remote command
|
||
-w seconds connect and request timeout before giving up
|
||
-W seconds max result download time
|
||
--stdin STDIN pass input to stdin
|
||
--stdout STDOUT max size in bytes of returned stdout
|
||
--stderr STDERR max size in bytes of returned stderr
|
||
--version show program's version number and exit
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="the-rnodeconf-utility">
|
||
<h3>The rnodeconf Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnodeconf-utility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnodeconf</span></code> utility allows you to inspect and configure existing <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a>, and
|
||
to create and provision new <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a> from any supported hardware devices.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>usage: rnodeconf [-h] [-i] [-a] [-u] [-U] [--fw-version version]
|
||
[--fw-url url] [--nocheck] [-e] [-E] [-C]
|
||
[--baud-flash baud_flash] [-N] [-T] [-b] [-B] [-p] [-D i]
|
||
[--display-addr byte] [--freq Hz] [--bw Hz] [--txp dBm]
|
||
[--sf factor] [--cr rate] [--eeprom-backup] [--eeprom-dump]
|
||
[--eeprom-wipe] [-P] [--trust-key hexbytes] [--version] [-f]
|
||
[-r] [-k] [-S] [-H FIRMWARE_HASH] [--platform platform]
|
||
[--product product] [--model model] [--hwrev revision]
|
||
[port]
|
||
|
||
RNode Configuration and firmware utility. This program allows you to change
|
||
various settings and startup modes of RNode. It can also install, flash and
|
||
update the firmware on supported devices.
|
||
|
||
positional arguments:
|
||
port serial port where RNode is attached
|
||
|
||
options:
|
||
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
||
-i, --info Show device info
|
||
-a, --autoinstall Automatic installation on various supported devices
|
||
-u, --update Update firmware to the latest version
|
||
-U, --force-update Update to specified firmware even if version matches or is older than installed version
|
||
--fw-version version Use a specific firmware version for update or autoinstall
|
||
--fw-url url Use an alternate firmware download URL
|
||
--nocheck Don't check for firmware updates online
|
||
-e, --extract Extract firmware from connected RNode for later use
|
||
-E, --use-extracted Use the extracted firmware for autoinstallation or update
|
||
-C, --clear-cache Clear locally cached firmware files
|
||
--baud-flash baud_flash
|
||
Set specific baud rate when flashing device. Default is 921600
|
||
-N, --normal Switch device to normal mode
|
||
-T, --tnc Switch device to TNC mode
|
||
-b, --bluetooth-on Turn device bluetooth on
|
||
-B, --bluetooth-off Turn device bluetooth off
|
||
-p, --bluetooth-pair Put device into bluetooth pairing mode
|
||
-D, --display i Set display intensity (0-255)
|
||
-t, --timeout s Set display timeout in seconds, 0 to disable
|
||
-R, --rotation rotation
|
||
Set display rotation, valid values are 0 through 3
|
||
--display-addr byte Set display address as hex byte (00 - FF)
|
||
--recondition-display
|
||
Start display reconditioning
|
||
--np i Set NeoPixel intensity (0-255)
|
||
--freq Hz Frequency in Hz for TNC mode
|
||
--bw Hz Bandwidth in Hz for TNC mode
|
||
--txp dBm TX power in dBm for TNC mode
|
||
--sf factor Spreading factor for TNC mode (7 - 12)
|
||
--cr rate Coding rate for TNC mode (5 - 8)
|
||
-x, --ia-enable Enable interference avoidance
|
||
-X, --ia-disable Disable interference avoidance
|
||
-c, --config Print device configuration
|
||
--eeprom-backup Backup EEPROM to file
|
||
--eeprom-dump Dump EEPROM to console
|
||
--eeprom-wipe Unlock and wipe EEPROM
|
||
-P, --public Display public part of signing key
|
||
--trust-key hexbytes Public key to trust for device verification
|
||
--version Print program version and exit
|
||
-f, --flash Flash firmware and bootstrap EEPROM
|
||
-r, --rom Bootstrap EEPROM without flashing firmware
|
||
-k, --key Generate a new signing key and exit
|
||
-S, --sign Display public part of signing key
|
||
-H, --firmware-hash FIRMWARE_HASH
|
||
Set installed firmware hash
|
||
--platform platform Platform specification for device bootstrap
|
||
--product product Product specification for device bootstrap
|
||
--model model Model code for device bootstrap
|
||
--hwrev revision Hardware revision for device bootstrap
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>For more information on how to create your own RNodes, please read the <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-creating"><span class="std std-ref">Creating RNodes</span></a>
|
||
section of this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="discovering-interfaces">
|
||
<span id="using-interface-discovery"></span><h2>Discovering Interfaces<a class="headerlink" href="#discovering-interfaces" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum includes built-in functionality for discovering connectable interfaces over Reticulum itself. This is particularly useful in situations where you want to do one or more of the following:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Discover connectable entrypoints available on the Internet</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Find connectable radio access points in the physical world</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Maintain connectivity to RNS instances with unknown or changing IP addresses</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Discovered interfaces can be <strong>auto-connected</strong> by Reticulum, which makes it possible to create setups where an arbitrary interface can act simply as a bootstrap connection, that can be torn down again once more suitable interfaces have been discovered and connected.</p>
|
||
<p>The interface discovery mechanism uses announces sent over Reticulum itself, and supports both publicly readable interfaces and private, encrypted discovery, that can only be decoded by specified <em>network identities</em>. It is also possible to specify which network identities should be considered valid sources for discovered interfaces, so that interfaces published by unknown entities are ignored.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p>A <em>network identity</em> is a normal Reticulum identity keyset that can be used by
|
||
one or more transport nodes to identify them as belonging to the same overall
|
||
network. In the context of interface discovery, this makes it easy to manage
|
||
connecting to only the particular networks you care about, even if those networks
|
||
utilize many individual physical transport node.</p>
|
||
<p>This also makes it convenient to auto-connect discovered interfaces only for networks you have some level of trust in.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>For information on how to make your interfaces discoverable, see the <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-discoverable"><span class="std std-ref">Discoverable Interfaces</span></a> chapter of this manual. The current section will focus on how to actually <em>discover and connect to</em> interfaces available on the network.</p>
|
||
<p>In its most basic form, enabling interface discovery is as simple as setting <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">discover_interfaces</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">true</span></code> in your Reticulum config:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[reticulum]
|
||
...
|
||
discover_interfaces = yes
|
||
...
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Once this option is enabled, your RNS instance will start listening for interface discovery announces, and store them for later use or inspection. You can list discovered interfaces with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> utility:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus -d
|
||
|
||
Name Type Status Last Heard Value Location
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
Sideband Hub Backbone ✓ Available 1h ago 16 46.2316, 6.0536
|
||
RNS Amsterdam Backbone ✓ Available 32m ago 16 52.3865, 4.9037
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You can view more detailed information about discovered interfaces, including configuration snippets for pasting directly into your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[interfaces]</span></code> config, by using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span> <span class="pre">-D</span></code> option:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnstatus -D sideband
|
||
|
||
Transport ID : 521c87a83afb8f29e4455e77930b973b
|
||
Name : Sideband Hub
|
||
Type : BackboneInterface
|
||
Status : Available
|
||
Transport : Enabled
|
||
Distance : 2 hops
|
||
Discovered : 9h and 40m ago
|
||
Last Heard : 1h and 15m ago
|
||
Location : 46.2316, 6.0536
|
||
Address : sideband.connect.reticulum.network:7822
|
||
Stamp Value : 16
|
||
|
||
Configuration Entry:
|
||
[[Sideband Hub]]
|
||
type = BackboneInterface
|
||
enabled = yes
|
||
remote = sideband.connect.reticulum.network
|
||
target_port = 7822
|
||
transport_identity = 521c87a83afb8f29e4455e77930b973b
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>In addition to providing local interface discovery information and control, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> utility can export discovered interface data in machine-readable JSON format using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span> <span class="pre">-d</span> <span class="pre">--json</span></code> option. This can be useful for exporting the data to external applications such as status pages, access point maps and similar.</p>
|
||
<p>To control what sources are considered valid for discovered sources, additional
|
||
configuration options can be specified for the interface discovery system.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">interface_discovery_sources</span></code> option is a list of the network or transport identities from which interfaces will be accepted. If this option is set, all others will be ignored. If this option is not set, discovered interfaces will be accepted from any source, but are still subject to stamp value requirements.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">required_discovery_value</span></code> options specifies the minimum stamp value required for the interface announce to be considered valid. To make it computationally difficult to spam the network with a large number of defunct or malicious interfaces, each announced interface requires a valid cryptographical stamp, of configurable difficulty value.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">autoconnect_discovered_interfaces</span></code> value defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>, and specifies the maximum number of discovered interfaces that should be auto-connected at any given time. If set to a number greater than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>, Reticulum automatically manages discovered interface connections, and will bring discovered interfaces up and down based on availability. You can at any time add discovered interfaces to your configuration manually, to persistently keep them available.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">network_identity</span></code> option specifies the <em>network identity</em> for this RNS instance. This identity is used both to sign (and potentially encrypt) <em>outgoing</em> interface discovery announces, and to decrypt incoming discovery information.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The configuration snippet below contains an example of setting these additional configuration options:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[reticulum]
|
||
...
|
||
discover_interfaces = yes
|
||
interface_discovery_sources = 521c87a83afb8f29e4455e77930b973b
|
||
required_discovery_value = 16
|
||
autoconnect_discovered_interfaces = 3
|
||
network_identity = ~/.reticulum/storage/identities/my_network
|
||
...
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="remote-management">
|
||
<h2>Remote Management<a class="headerlink" href="#remote-management" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>It is possible to allow remote management of Reticulum
|
||
systems using the various built-in utilities, such as
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code>. To do so, you will need to set
|
||
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">enable_remote_management</span></code> directive in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[reticulum]</span></code>
|
||
section of the configuration file. You will also need to specify
|
||
one or more Reticulum Identity hashes for authenticating the
|
||
queries from client programs. For this purpose, you can use
|
||
existing identity files, or generate new ones with the rnid utility.</p>
|
||
<p>The following is a truncated example of enabling remote management
|
||
in the Reticulum configuration file:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[reticulum]
|
||
...
|
||
enable_remote_management = yes
|
||
remote_management_allowed = 9fb6d773498fb3feda407ed8ef2c3229, 2d882c5586e548d79b5af27bca1776dc
|
||
...
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>For a complete example configuration, you can run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span> <span class="pre">--exampleconfig</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="blackhole-management">
|
||
<span id="using-blackhole-management"></span><h2>Blackhole Management<a class="headerlink" href="#blackhole-management" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum networks are fundamentally permissionless and open, allowing anyone with a compatible interface to participate. While this openness is essential for a resilient and decentralized network, it also exposes the network to potential abuse, such as peers flooding the network with excessive announce broadcasts or other forms of resource exhaustion.</p>
|
||
<p>The <strong>Blackhole</strong> system provides tools to help manage this problem. It allows operators and individual users to block specific identities at the Transport layer, preventing them from propagating announces through your node, and for other nodes to reach them through your network.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition important">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
|
||
<p>There is fundamentally <strong>no way</strong> to <em>globally</em> block or censor any identity or destination in Reticulum networks. The blackhole functionality will prevent announces from (and traffic to) all destinations associated with the blackholed identity <em>on your own network segments only</em>.</p>
|
||
<p>This provides users and operators with control over what they want to allow <em>on their own network segments</em>, but there is no way to globally censor or remove an identity, as long as <em>someone</em> is willing to provide transport for it.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>This functionality serves a dual purpose:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><strong>For Individual Users:</strong> It offers a simple way to maintain a quiet and efficient local network by manually blocking spammy or unwanted peers.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><strong>For Network Operators:</strong> It enables the creation of federated, community-wide security standards. By publishing and sharing blackhole lists, operators can protect large infrastructures and distribute spam filtering rules across the mesh without manual intervention.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<section id="local-blackhole-management">
|
||
<h3>Local Blackhole Management<a class="headerlink" href="#local-blackhole-management" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The most immediate way to manage unwanted identities is through manual configuration using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code> utility. This allows you to instantly block or unblock specific identities on your local Transport Instance.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Blackholing an Identity</strong></p>
|
||
<p>To block an identity, use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-B</span></code> (or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--blackhole</span></code>) flag followed by the identity hash. You can optionally specify a duration and a reason, which are useful for logging and future reference.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath -B 3a4f8b9c1d2e3f4g5h6i7j8k9l0m1n2o
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You can also add a duration (in hours) and a reason:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath -B 3a4f8b9c1d2e3f4g5h6i7j8k9l0m1n2o --duration 24 --reason "Excessive announces"
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>Lifting Blackholes</strong></p>
|
||
<p>To remove an identity from the blackhole, use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-U</span></code> (or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--unblackhole</span></code>) flag:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath -U 3a4f8b9c1d2e3f4g5h6i7j8k9l0m1n2o
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>Viewing the Blackhole List</strong></p>
|
||
<p>To see all identities currently blackholed on your local instance, use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code> (or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--blackholed</span></code>) flag:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ rnpath -b
|
||
|
||
<3a4f8b9c1d2e3f4g5h6i7j8k9l0m1n2o> blackholed for 23h, 56m (Excessive announces)
|
||
<399ea050ce0eed1816c300bcb0840938> blackholed indefinitely (Announce spam)
|
||
<d56a4fa02c0a77b3575935aedd90bdb2> blackholed indefinitely (Announce spam)
|
||
<2b9ec651326d9bc274119054c70fb75e> blackholed indefinitely (Announce spam)
|
||
<1178a8f1fad405bf2ad153bf5036bdfd> blackholed indefinitely (Announce spam)
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="automated-list-sourcing">
|
||
<h3>Automated List Sourcing<a class="headerlink" href="#automated-list-sourcing" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Manually blocking identities is effective for immediate threats, but maintaining an up-to-date blocklist for a large network is impractical. Reticulum supports <strong>automated list sourcing</strong>, allowing your node to subscribe to blackhole lists maintained by trusted peers, or a central authority you manage yourself.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition warning">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Verify Before Subscribing!</strong> Subscribing to a blackhole source is a powerful action that grants that source the ability to dictate who you can communicate with. Before adding a source to your configuration, verify that the maintainer aligns with your usage policy and values. Blindly subscribing to untrusted lists could inadvertently block legitimate peers or essential services.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>When enabled, your Transport Instance will periodically (approximately once per hour) connect to configured sources, retrieve their latest blackhole lists, and automatically merge them into your local blocklist. This provides “set-and-forget” protection for both individual users and large networks.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Configuration</strong></p>
|
||
<p>To enable automated sourcing, add the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">blackhole_sources</span></code> option to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[reticulum]</span></code> section of your configuration file. This option accepts a comma-separated list of Transport Identity hashes that you trust to provide valid blackhole lists.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[reticulum]</span>
|
||
<span class="na">...</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Automatically fetch blackhole lists from these trusted sources</span>
|
||
<span class="na">blackhole_sources</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">521c87a83afb8f29e4455e77930b973b, 68a4aa91ac350c4087564e8a69f84e86</span>
|
||
<span class="na">...</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>How It Works</strong></p>
|
||
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
||
<li><p>When enabled, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BlackholeUpdater</span></code> service runs in the background.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>For every identity hash listed in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">blackhole_sources</span></code>, it attempts to establish a temporary link to its associated``rnstransport.info.blackhole`` destination.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>It requests the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/list</span></code> path, which returns a dictionary of blackholed identities and their associated metadata.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The received list is merged with your local <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">blackholed_identities</span></code> database.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The lists are persisted to disk, ensuring they survive restarts.</p></li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p>You can verify the external lists you are subscribed to, and their contents, without importing them by using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span> <span class="pre">-p</span></code>. See the <a class="reference internal" href="#utility-rnpath"><span class="std std-ref">rnpath utility documentation</span></a> for details on querying remote blackhole lists.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="publishing-blackhole-lists">
|
||
<h3>Publishing Blackhole Lists<a class="headerlink" href="#publishing-blackhole-lists" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>If you are operating a public gateway, a community hub, or simply wish to share your blackhole list with others, you can configure your instance to act as a blackhole list publisher. This allows other nodes to subscribe to <em>your</em> definitions of unwanted traffic.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Enabling Publishing</strong></p>
|
||
<p>To publish your local blackhole list, enable the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">publish_blackhole</span></code> option in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[reticulum]</span></code> section:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[reticulum]</span>
|
||
<span class="na">...</span>
|
||
<span class="na">publish_blackhole</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">yes</span>
|
||
<span class="na">...</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>When this is enabled, your Transport Instance will register a request handler at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstransport.info.blackhole</span></code>. Any peer that connects to this destination and requests <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/list</span></code> will receive the complete set of identities currently present in your local blackhole database.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Federation and Trust</strong></p>
|
||
<p>The blackhole system relies on the trust relationship between the subscriber and the publisher. By subscribing to a source, you are implicitly trusting that source to only block identities that are genuinely detrimental to the network.</p>
|
||
<p>As the ecosystem matures, this system is designed to integrate with <strong>Network Identities</strong>. This allows communities to verify that a published blackhole list is actually provided by a specific network or organization with a certain level of reputation and trustworthiness, adding a layer of cryptographic trust to the federation process. This prevents malicious actors from publishing fake lists intended to censor legitimate traffic.</p>
|
||
<p>For operators, this creates a scalable model where maintaining a single high-quality blocklist can protect thousands of downstream peers, drastically reducing the administrative.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="improving-system-configuration">
|
||
<h2>Improving System Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#improving-system-configuration" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>If you are setting up a system for permanent use with Reticulum, there is a
|
||
few system configuration changes that can make this easier to administrate.
|
||
These changes will be detailed here.</p>
|
||
<section id="fixed-serial-port-names">
|
||
<h3>Fixed Serial Port Names<a class="headerlink" href="#fixed-serial-port-names" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>On a Reticulum instance with several serial port based interfaces, it can be
|
||
beneficial to use the fixed device names for the serial ports, instead
|
||
of the dynamically allocated shorthands such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/ttyUSB0</span></code>. Under most
|
||
Debian-based distributions, including Ubuntu and Raspberry Pi OS, these nodes
|
||
can be found under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/serial/by-id</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>You can use such a device path directly in place of the numbered shorthands.
|
||
Here is an example of a packet radio TNC configured as such:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[[Packet Radio KISS Interface]]
|
||
type = KISSInterface
|
||
interface_enabled = True
|
||
outgoing = true
|
||
port = /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_FT230X_Basic_UART_43891CKM-if00-port0
|
||
speed = 115200
|
||
databits = 8
|
||
parity = none
|
||
stopbits = 1
|
||
preamble = 150
|
||
txtail = 10
|
||
persistence = 200
|
||
slottime = 20
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Using this methodology avoids potential naming mix-ups where physical devices
|
||
might be plugged and unplugged in different orders, or when device name
|
||
assignment varies from one boot to another.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="reticulum-as-a-system-service">
|
||
<span id="using-systemd"></span><h3>Reticulum as a System Service<a class="headerlink" href="#reticulum-as-a-system-service" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Instead of starting Reticulum manually, you can install <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> as a system
|
||
service and have it start automatically at boot.</p>
|
||
<section id="systemwide-service">
|
||
<h4>Systemwide Service<a class="headerlink" href="#systemwide-service" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
|
||
<p>If you installed Reticulum with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> program will most likely
|
||
be located in a user-local installation path only, which means <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">systemd</span></code> will not
|
||
be able to execute it. In this case, you can simply symlink the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> program
|
||
into a directory that is in systemd’s path:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo ln -s $(which rnsd) /usr/local/bin/
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>You can then create the service file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/systemd/system/rnsd.service</span></code> with the
|
||
following content:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[Unit]
|
||
Description=Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
|
||
After=multi-user.target
|
||
|
||
[Service]
|
||
# If you run Reticulum on WiFi devices,
|
||
# or other devices that need some extra
|
||
# time to initialise, you might want to
|
||
# add a short delay before Reticulum is
|
||
# started by systemd:
|
||
# ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 10
|
||
Type=simple
|
||
Restart=always
|
||
RestartSec=3
|
||
User=USERNAMEHERE
|
||
ExecStart=rnsd --service
|
||
|
||
[Install]
|
||
WantedBy=multi-user.target
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Be sure to replace <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USERNAMEHERE</span></code> with the user you want to run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> as.</p>
|
||
<p>To manually start <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> run:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo systemctl start rnsd
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If you want to automatically start <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> at boot, run:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo systemctl enable rnsd
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="userspace-service">
|
||
<h4>Userspace Service<a class="headerlink" href="#userspace-service" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
|
||
<p>Alternatively you can use a user systemd service instead of a system wide one. This way the whole setup can be done as a regular user.
|
||
Create a user systemd service files <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/systemd/user/rnsd.service</span></code> with the following content:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[Unit]
|
||
Description=Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
|
||
After=default.target
|
||
|
||
[Service]
|
||
# If you run Reticulum on WiFi devices,
|
||
# or other devices that need some extra
|
||
# time to initialise, you might want to
|
||
# add a short delay before Reticulum is
|
||
# started by systemd:
|
||
# ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 10
|
||
Type=simple
|
||
Restart=always
|
||
RestartSec=3
|
||
ExecStart=RNS_BIN_DIR/rnsd --service
|
||
|
||
[Install]
|
||
WantedBy=default.target
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Replace <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RNS_BIN_DIR</span></code> with the path to your Reticulum binary directory (eg. /home/USERNAMEHERE/rns/bin).</p>
|
||
<p>Start user service:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>systemctl --user daemon-reload
|
||
systemctl --user start rnsd.service
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If you want to automatically start <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> without having to log in as the USERNAMEHERE, do:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo loginctl enable-linger USERNAMEHERE
|
||
systemctl --user enable rnsd.service
|
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</pre></div>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Using Reticulum on Your System</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configuration-data">Configuration & Data</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#included-utility-programs">Included Utility Programs</a><ul>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnsd-utility">The rnsd Utility</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnstatus-utility">The rnstatus Utility</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnid-utility">The rnid Utility</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnpath-utility">The rnpath Utility</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnprobe-utility">The rnprobe Utility</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rncp-utility">The rncp Utility</a></li>
|
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnx-utility">The rnx Utility</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-rnodeconf-utility">The rnodeconf Utility</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#local-blackhole-management">Local Blackhole Management</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#automated-list-sourcing">Automated List Sourcing</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#publishing-blackhole-lists">Publishing Blackhole Lists</a></li>
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