Reticulum/RNS/Interfaces/I2PInterface.py

# MIT License
#
# Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Mark Qvist / unsigned.io
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.

from .Interface import Interface
import socketserver
import threading
import platform
import socket
import time
import sys
import os
import RNS
import asyncio

class HDLC():
    FLAG              = 0x7E
    ESC               = 0x7D
    ESC_MASK          = 0x20

    @staticmethod
    def escape(data):
        data = data.replace(bytes([HDLC.ESC]), bytes([HDLC.ESC, HDLC.ESC^HDLC.ESC_MASK]))
        data = data.replace(bytes([HDLC.FLAG]), bytes([HDLC.ESC, HDLC.FLAG^HDLC.ESC_MASK]))
        return data

class KISS():
    FEND              = 0xC0
    FESC              = 0xDB
    TFEND             = 0xDC
    TFESC             = 0xDD
    CMD_DATA          = 0x00
    CMD_UNKNOWN       = 0xFE

    @staticmethod
    def escape(data):
        data = data.replace(bytes([0xdb]), bytes([0xdb, 0xdd]))
        data = data.replace(bytes([0xc0]), bytes([0xdb, 0xdc]))
        return data

# TODO: Neater shutdown of the event loop and
# better error handling is needed. Sometimes
# errors occur in I2P that leave tunnel setup
# hanging indefinitely, and right now we have
# no way of catching it. Sometimes the server
# and client tasks are also not cancelled on
# shutdown, which leads to errors dumped to
# the console. This should also be remedied.

class I2PController:
    def __init__(self, rns_storagepath):
        import RNS.vendor.i2plib as i2plib
        import RNS.vendor.i2plib.utils

        self.client_tunnels = {}
        self.server_tunnels = {}
        self.loop = None
        self.i2plib = i2plib
        self.utils = i2plib.utils
        self.sam_address = i2plib.get_sam_address()

        self.storagepath = rns_storagepath+"/i2p"
        if not os.path.isdir(self.storagepath):
            os.makedirs(self.storagepath)


    def start(self):
        asyncio.set_event_loop(asyncio.new_event_loop())
        self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        try:
            self.loop.run_forever()
        except Exception as e:
            RNS.log("Exception on event loop for "+str(self)+": "+str(e), RNS.LOG_ERROR)
        finally:
            self.loop.close()


    def stop(self):
        for task in asyncio.Task.all_tasks(loop=self.loop):
            task.cancel()

        self.loop.stop()


    def get_free_port(self):
        return self.i2plib.utils.get_free_port()


    def client_tunnel(self, owner, i2p_destination):
        self.client_tunnels[i2p_destination] = False

        while True:
            if not self.client_tunnels[i2p_destination]:
                try:
                    async def tunnel_up():
                        RNS.log("Bringing up I2P tunnel to "+str(owner)+", this may take a while...", RNS.LOG_INFO)
                        tunnel = self.i2plib.ClientTunnel(i2p_destination, owner.local_addr, sam_address=self.sam_address, loop=self.loop)
                        await tunnel.run()
                        owner.awaiting_i2p_tunnel = False
                        RNS.log(str(owner)+ " tunnel setup complete", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)

                    try:
                        self.loop.ext_owner = self
                        future = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(tunnel_up(), self.loop).result()
                        self.client_tunnels[i2p_destination] = True

                    except Exception as e:
                        RNS.log("Error while setting up I2P tunnel: "+str(e))
                        raise e


                except Exception as e:
                    raise IOError("Could not connect to I2P SAM API while configuring to "+str(owner)+". Check that I2P is running and SAM is enabled.")

            time.sleep(5)


    def server_tunnel(self, owner):
        i2p_dest_hash = RNS.Identity.full_hash(RNS.Identity.full_hash(owner.name.encode("utf-8")))
        i2p_keyfile   = self.storagepath+"/"+RNS.hexrep(i2p_dest_hash, delimit=False)+".i2p"

        i2p_dest = None
        if not os.path.isfile(i2p_keyfile):
            coro = self.i2plib.new_destination(sam_address=self.sam_address, loop=self.loop)
            i2p_dest = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(coro, self.loop).result()
            key_file = open(i2p_keyfile, "w")
            key_file.write(i2p_dest.private_key.base64)
            key_file.close()
        else:
            key_file = open(i2p_keyfile, "r")
            prvd = key_file.read()
            key_file.close()
            i2p_dest = self.i2plib.Destination(data=prvd, has_private_key=True)

        i2p_b32 = i2p_dest.base32
        owner.b32 = i2p_b32

        self.server_tunnels[i2p_b32] = False

        while self.server_tunnels[i2p_b32] == False:
            try:
                async def tunnel_up():
                    RNS.log(str(owner)+" Bringing up I2P endpoint, this may take a while...", RNS.LOG_INFO)
                    tunnel = self.i2plib.ServerTunnel((owner.bind_ip, owner.bind_port), loop=self.loop, destination=i2p_dest, sam_address=self.sam_address)
                    await tunnel.run()
                    RNS.log(str(owner)+ " endpoint setup complete. Now reachable at: "+str(i2p_dest.base32)+".b32.i2p", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)

                asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(tunnel_up(), self.loop).result()
                self.server_tunnels[i2p_b32] = True

            except Exception as e:
                raise IOError("Could not connect to I2P SAM API while configuring "+str(self)+". Check that I2P is running and SAM is enabled.")

            time.sleep(5)

    def get_loop(self):
        return asyncio.get_event_loop()


class ThreadingI2PServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass

class I2PInterfacePeer(Interface):
    RECONNECT_WAIT = 15
    RECONNECT_MAX_TRIES = None

    # TCP socket options
    I2P_USER_TIMEOUT = 40
    I2P_PROBE_AFTER = 10
    I2P_PROBE_INTERVAL = 5
    I2P_PROBES = 6

    def __init__(self, parent_interface, owner, name, target_i2p_dest=None, connected_socket=None, max_reconnect_tries=None):
        self.rxb = 0
        self.txb = 0
        
        self.IN               = True
        self.OUT              = False
        self.socket           = None
        self.parent_interface = parent_interface
        self.parent_count     = True
        self.name             = name
        self.initiator        = False
        self.reconnecting     = False
        self.never_connected  = True
        self.owner            = owner
        self.writing          = False
        self.online           = False
        self.detached         = False
        self.kiss_framing     = False
        self.i2p_tunneled     = True
        self.i2p_dest         = None
        self.i2p_tunnel_ready = False
        self.mode             = RNS.Interfaces.Interface.Interface.MODE_FULL
        self.bitrate          = I2PInterface.BITRATE_GUESS

        if max_reconnect_tries == None:
            self.max_reconnect_tries = I2PInterfacePeer.RECONNECT_MAX_TRIES
        else:
            self.max_reconnect_tries = max_reconnect_tries

        if connected_socket != None:
            self.receives    = True
            self.target_ip   = None
            self.target_port = None
            self.socket      = connected_socket

            if platform.system() == "Linux":
                self.set_timeouts_linux()
            elif platform.system() == "Darwin":
                self.set_timeouts_osx()

        elif target_i2p_dest != None:
            self.receives    = True
            self.initiator   = True

            self.bind_ip     = "127.0.0.1"
            self.bind_port   = self.parent_interface.i2p.get_free_port()
            self.local_addr  = (self.bind_ip, self.bind_port)
            self.target_ip = self.bind_ip
            self.target_port = self.bind_port

            self.awaiting_i2p_tunnel = True

            def tunnel_job():
                self.parent_interface.i2p.client_tunnel(self, target_i2p_dest)

            thread = threading.Thread(target=tunnel_job)
            thread.setDaemon(True)
            thread.start()

            def wait_job():
                while self.awaiting_i2p_tunnel:
                    time.sleep(0.25)
                
                if not self.kiss_framing:
                    self.wants_tunnel = True

                if not self.connect(initial=True):
                    thread = threading.Thread(target=self.reconnect)
                    thread.setDaemon(True)
                    thread.start()
                else:
                    thread = threading.Thread(target=self.read_loop)
                    thread.setDaemon(True)
                    thread.start()

            thread = threading.Thread(target=wait_job)
            thread.setDaemon(True)
            thread.start()


    def set_timeouts_linux(self):
        if not self.i2p_tunneled:
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_USER_TIMEOUT, int(I2PInterfacePeer.TCP_USER_TIMEOUT * 1000))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1)
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPIDLE, int(I2PInterfacePeer.TCP_PROBE_AFTER))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPINTVL, int(I2PInterfacePeer.TCP_PROBE_INTERVAL))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPCNT, int(I2PInterfacePeer.TCP_PROBES))
        else:
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_USER_TIMEOUT, int(I2PInterfacePeer.I2P_USER_TIMEOUT * 1000))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1)
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPIDLE, int(I2PInterfacePeer.I2P_PROBE_AFTER))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPINTVL, int(I2PInterfacePeer.I2P_PROBE_INTERVAL))
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPCNT, int(I2PInterfacePeer.I2P_PROBES))

    def set_timeouts_osx(self):
        if hasattr(socket, "TCP_KEEPALIVE"):
            TCP_KEEPIDLE = socket.TCP_KEEPALIVE
        else:
            TCP_KEEPIDLE = 0x10

        self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1)
        
        if not self.i2p_tunneled:
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_KEEPIDLE, int(I2PInterfacePeer.TCP_PROBE_AFTER))
        else:
            self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_KEEPIDLE, int(I2PInterfacePeer.I2P_PROBE_AFTER))
        
    def detach(self):
        if self.socket != None:
            if hasattr(self.socket, "close"):
                if callable(self.socket.close):
                    RNS.log("Detaching "+str(self), RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
                    self.detached = True
                    
                    try:
                        self.socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
                    except Exception as e:
                        RNS.log("Error while shutting down socket for "+str(self)+": "+str(e))

                    try:
                        self.socket.close()
                    except Exception as e:
                        RNS.log("Error while closing socket for "+str(self)+": "+str(e))

                    self.socket = None

    def connect(self, initial=False):
        try:
            self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            self.socket.connect((self.target_ip, self.target_port))
            self.online  = True
        
        except Exception as e:
            if initial:
                if not self.awaiting_i2p_tunnel:
                    RNS.log("Initial connection for "+str(self)+" could not be established: "+str(e), RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                    RNS.log("Leaving unconnected and retrying connection in "+str(I2PInterfacePeer.RECONNECT_WAIT)+" seconds.", RNS.LOG_ERROR)

                return False
            
            else:
                raise e

        if platform.system() == "Linux":
            self.set_timeouts_linux()
        elif platform.system() == "Darwin":
            self.set_timeouts_osx()
        
        self.online  = True
        self.writing = False
        self.never_connected = False

        if not self.kiss_framing and self.wants_tunnel:
            RNS.Transport.synthesize_tunnel(self)

        return True


    def reconnect(self):
        if self.initiator:
            if not self.reconnecting:
                self.reconnecting = True
                attempts = 0
                while not self.online:
                    time.sleep(I2PInterfacePeer.RECONNECT_WAIT)
                    attempts += 1

                    if self.max_reconnect_tries != None and attempts > self.max_reconnect_tries:
                        RNS.log("Max reconnection attempts reached for "+str(self), RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                        self.teardown()
                        break

                    try:
                        self.connect()

                    except Exception as e:
                        if not self.awaiting_i2p_tunnel:
                            RNS.log("Connection attempt for "+str(self)+" failed: "+str(e), RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
                        else:
                            RNS.log(str(self)+" still waiting for I2P tunnel to appear", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)

                if not self.never_connected:
                    RNS.log(str(self)+" Re-established connection via I2P tunnel", RNS.LOG_INFO)

                self.reconnecting = False
                thread = threading.Thread(target=self.read_loop)
                thread.setDaemon(True)
                thread.start()
                if not self.kiss_framing:
                    RNS.Transport.synthesize_tunnel(self)

        else:
            RNS.log("Attempt to reconnect on a non-initiator I2P interface. This should not happen.", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
            raise IOError("Attempt to reconnect on a non-initiator I2P interface")

    def processIncoming(self, data):
        self.rxb += len(data)
        if hasattr(self, "parent_interface") and self.parent_interface != None and self.parent_count:
            self.parent_interface.rxb += len(data)
                    
        self.owner.inbound(data, self)

    def processOutgoing(self, data):
        if self.online:
            while self.writing:
                time.sleep(0.01)

            try:
                self.writing = True

                if self.kiss_framing:
                    data = bytes([KISS.FEND])+bytes([KISS.CMD_DATA])+KISS.escape(data)+bytes([KISS.FEND])
                else:
                    data = bytes([HDLC.FLAG])+HDLC.escape(data)+bytes([HDLC.FLAG])

                self.socket.sendall(data)
                self.writing = False
                self.txb += len(data)
                if hasattr(self, "parent_interface") and self.parent_interface != None and self.parent_count:
                    self.parent_interface.txb += len(data)

            except Exception as e:
                RNS.log("Exception occurred while transmitting via "+str(self)+", tearing down interface", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                RNS.log("The contained exception was: "+str(e), RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                self.teardown()


    def read_loop(self):
        try:
            in_frame = False
            escape = False
            data_buffer = b""
            command = KISS.CMD_UNKNOWN

            while True:
                data_in = self.socket.recv(4096)
                if len(data_in) > 0:
                    pointer = 0
                    while pointer < len(data_in):
                        byte = data_in[pointer]
                        pointer += 1

                        if self.kiss_framing:
                            # Read loop for KISS framing
                            if (in_frame and byte == KISS.FEND and command == KISS.CMD_DATA):
                                in_frame = False
                                self.processIncoming(data_buffer)
                            elif (byte == KISS.FEND):
                                in_frame = True
                                command = KISS.CMD_UNKNOWN
                                data_buffer = b""
                            elif (in_frame and len(data_buffer) < RNS.Reticulum.MTU):
                                if (len(data_buffer) == 0 and command == KISS.CMD_UNKNOWN):
                                    # We only support one HDLC port for now, so
                                    # strip off the port nibble
                                    byte = byte & 0x0F
                                    command = byte
                                elif (command == KISS.CMD_DATA):
                                    if (byte == KISS.FESC):
                                        escape = True
                                    else:
                                        if (escape):
                                            if (byte == KISS.TFEND):
                                                byte = KISS.FEND
                                            if (byte == KISS.TFESC):
                                                byte = KISS.FESC
                                            escape = False
                                        data_buffer = data_buffer+bytes([byte])

                        else:
                            # Read loop for HDLC framing
                            if (in_frame and byte == HDLC.FLAG):
                                in_frame = False
                                self.processIncoming(data_buffer)
                            elif (byte == HDLC.FLAG):
                                in_frame = True
                                data_buffer = b""
                            elif (in_frame and len(data_buffer) < RNS.Reticulum.MTU):
                                if (byte == HDLC.ESC):
                                    escape = True
                                else:
                                    if (escape):
                                        if (byte == HDLC.FLAG ^ HDLC.ESC_MASK):
                                            byte = HDLC.FLAG
                                        if (byte == HDLC.ESC  ^ HDLC.ESC_MASK):
                                            byte = HDLC.ESC
                                        escape = False
                                    data_buffer = data_buffer+bytes([byte])
                else:
                    self.online = False
                    if self.initiator and not self.detached:
                        RNS.log("Socket for "+str(self)+" was closed, attempting to reconnect...", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
                        self.reconnect()
                    else:
                        RNS.log("Socket for remote client "+str(self)+" was closed.", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)
                        self.teardown()

                    break

                
        except Exception as e:
            self.online = False
            RNS.log("An interface error occurred for "+str(self)+", the contained exception was: "+str(e), RNS.LOG_WARNING)

            if self.initiator:
                RNS.log("Attempting to reconnect...", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
                self.reconnect()
            else:
                self.teardown()

    def teardown(self):
        if self.initiator and not self.detached:
            RNS.log("The interface "+str(self)+" experienced an unrecoverable error and is being torn down. Restart Reticulum to attempt to open this interface again.", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
            if RNS.Reticulum.panic_on_interface_error:
                RNS.panic()

        else:
            RNS.log("The interface "+str(self)+" is being torn down.", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)

        self.online = False
        self.OUT = False
        self.IN = False

        if hasattr(self, "parent_interface") and self.parent_interface != None:
            self.parent_interface.clients -= 1

        if self in RNS.Transport.interfaces:
            if not self.initiator:
                RNS.Transport.interfaces.remove(self)


    def __str__(self):
        return "I2PInterfacePeer["+str(self.name)+"]"


class I2PInterface(Interface):
    BITRATE_GUESS      = 256*1000

    def __init__(self, owner, name, rns_storagepath, peers, connectable = True):
        self.rxb = 0
        self.txb = 0
        self.online = False
        self.clients = 0
        self.owner = owner
        self.connectable = connectable
        self.i2p_tunneled = True
        self.mode = RNS.Interfaces.Interface.Interface.MODE_FULL

        self.b32 = None
        self.i2p = I2PController(rns_storagepath)

        self.IN  = True
        self.OUT = False
        self.name = name


        self.receives = True
        self.bind_ip     = "127.0.0.1"
        self.bind_port   = self.i2p.get_free_port()
        self.address = (self.bind_ip, self.bind_port)
        self.bitrate = I2PInterface.BITRATE_GUESS

        i2p_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.i2p.start)
        i2p_thread.setDaemon(True)
        i2p_thread.start()

        def handlerFactory(callback):
            def createHandler(*args, **keys):
                return I2PInterfaceHandler(callback, *args, **keys)
            return createHandler
        
        ThreadingI2PServer.allow_reuse_address = True
        self.server = ThreadingI2PServer(self.address, handlerFactory(self.incoming_connection))

        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.server.serve_forever)
        thread.setDaemon(True)
        thread.start()

        if self.connectable:
            def tunnel_job():
                self.i2p.server_tunnel(self)

            thread = threading.Thread(target=tunnel_job)
            thread.setDaemon(True)
            thread.start()

        if peers != None:
            for peer_addr in peers:
                interface_name = peer_addr
                peer_interface = I2PInterfacePeer(self, self.owner, interface_name, peer_addr)
                peer_interface.OUT = True
                peer_interface.IN  = True
                peer_interface.parent_interface = self
                peer_interface.parent_count = False
                RNS.Transport.interfaces.append(peer_interface)

        self.online = True


    def incoming_connection(self, handler):
        RNS.log("Accepting incoming I2P connection", RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)
        interface_name = "Connected peer on "+self.name
        spawned_interface = I2PInterfacePeer(self, self.owner, interface_name, connected_socket=handler.request)
        spawned_interface.OUT = True
        spawned_interface.IN  = True
        spawned_interface.parent_interface = self
        spawned_interface.online = True
        spawned_interface.bitrate = self.bitrate
        spawned_interface.ifac_size = self.ifac_size
        spawned_interface.ifac_netname = self.ifac_netname
        spawned_interface.ifac_netkey = self.ifac_netkey
        spawned_interface.announce_rate_target = self.announce_rate_target
        spawned_interface.announce_rate_grace = self.announce_rate_grace
        spawned_interface.announce_rate_penalty = self.announce_rate_penalty
        RNS.log("Spawned new I2PInterface Peer: "+str(spawned_interface), RNS.LOG_VERBOSE)
        RNS.Transport.interfaces.append(spawned_interface)
        self.clients += 1
        spawned_interface.read_loop()

    def processOutgoing(self, data):
        pass

    def detach(self):
        self.i2p.stop()

    def __str__(self):
        return "I2PInterface["+self.name+"]"

class I2PInterfaceHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def __init__(self, callback, *args, **keys):
        self.callback = callback
        socketserver.BaseRequestHandler.__init__(self, *args, **keys)

    def handle(self):
        self.callback(handler=self)