RNMnetwork/es.telecomlobby.com/radio_aficion/URE_4.html

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2022-02-06 10:22:06 -05:00
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</style><title>URE_4</title>
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<div id='write' class=''><h1 id='elementos-de-radioelectricidad'><span>Elementos de radioelectricidad</span></h1><p><img src="https://github.com/redeltaglio/RNMnetwork/raw/master/Images/rtx-yaesu-ft-1000mp-mark-v.jpg" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></p><h4 id='41-fuentes-de-alimentación'><span>4.1 Fuentes de alimentación.</span></h4><p><span>Una gente de alimentación es un dispositivo electrónico que convierte la corriente alterna en otro tipo de corriente continua. Pueden ser de varios tipos según su salida:</span></p><ul><li><span>Fijas: proporcionan una corriente o tensión que no puede ser modificada.</span></li><li><span>Ajustables: el valor de la salida puede ser modificado.</span></li><li><span>Programables: su salida varia a lo largo del tiempo y de forma automática de valor.</span></li><li><span>Simples: tienen una única salida.</span></li><li><span>Múltiples: con varias salidas independientes.</span></li></ul><p><span>Pueden ser de dos tipos según la tecnología empleada:</span></p><ul><li><span>Lineales: trabajan en régimen lineal.</span></li><li><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuente_conmutada'><span>Conmutadas</span></a><span>: Trabajan en régimen de conmutación. </span></li></ul><p><span>Todas ellas pueden tener sistemas de control analógicos o digitales. Todas ellas parten de </span><code>CA</code><span> para obtener una tensión continua con un bajo nivel de </span><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizado'><span>rizado</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>Las lineales brindan una mejor regulación, velocidad y mejores características de generación de interferencias. La conmutadas un mejor rendimiento, menor coste menor tamaño y peso.</span></p><p><img src="https://github.com/redeltaglio/RNMnetwork/raw/master/Images/Bloques-fuente.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></p><p><span>Leas lineales constan de tres etapas:</span></p><ul><li><span>Etapa de entrada: rectifica la tensión alterna y contiene elementos de protección.</span></li><li><span>Etapa de regulación: dedicada a mantener la salida en los valores deseados.</span></li><li><span>Etapa de salida: su misión es filtrar, controlar, limitar, proteger y adaptar la fuente a la carga a la que este conectada.</span></li></ul><p><span>El transformador adapta los niveles de tensión y proporciona </span><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aislamiento_galv%C3%A1nico'><span>aislamiento galvánico</span></a><span>, es decir separación eléctrica entre la red de entrada y el circuito que alimenta.</span></p><p><span>El rectificador es el circuito que convierte la </span><code>CA</code><span> en </span><code>CC</code><span>. </span></p><p><span>La regulación se consigue con un componente disipativo regulable, con un conmutador del secundario del transformador mediate un circuito electrónico o mezclas de dos o más de estos métodos.</span></p><p><span>El filtro tiene por objeto convertir la </span><code>CC</code><span> pulsante en </span><code>CC</code><span> tan pura como sea posible.</span></p><h4 id='411-circuitos-de-rectificación-de-media-onda-onda-completa-y-rectificador-en-puente'><span>4.1.1 Circuitos de rectificación de media onda, onda completa y rectificador en puente.</span></h4><p><span>Un </span><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectificador'><span>rectificador</span></a><span> es un circuito que permite convertir la </span><code>CA</code><span> en </span><code>CC</code><span>. Por ello se emplean diodos.</span></p><p><span>Pueden ser de </span><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectificador_de_monof%C3%A1sico_de_media_onda'><span>media onda</span></a><span> cuando solo se utiliza uno de los semiciclos de la CA o de </span><a href='https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectificador_de_onda_completa'><span>onda completa</span></a><span> si se aprovechan ambos.</span></p><figure><table><thead><tr><th><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Tensi%C3%B3n_sinusoidal.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></th><th><img src="https://github.com/redeltaglio/RNMnetwork/raw/master/es.telecomlobby.com/radio_
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