# Technique T0021: Memes

* **Summary**: Memes are one of the most important single artefact types in all of computational propaganda. Memes in this framework denotes the narrow image-based definition. But that naming is no accident, as these items have most of the important properties of Dawkins' original conception as a self-replicating unit of culture. Memes pull together reference and commentary; image and narrative; emotion and message. Memes are a powerful tool and the heart of modern influence campaigns.

* **Belongs to tactic stage**: TA06


| Incident | Descriptions given for this incident |
| -------- | -------------------- |
| [I00005 Brexit vote](../generated_pages/incidents/I00005.md) | Memes... anti-immigration; euroskepticism; fear, outrage, conspiracy narratives |
| [I00017 US presidential elections](../generated_pages/incidents/I00017.md) | Memes... anti-immigration; euroskepticism; fear, outrage, conspiracy narratives |
| [I00042 Saudi/Qatar bot dispute](../generated_pages/incidents/I00042.md) | memes |
| [I00056 Iran Influence Operations](../generated_pages/incidents/I00056.md) | Memes... anti-Isreal/USA/West, conspiracy narratives |



| Counters | Response types |
| -------- | -------------- |
| [C00008 Create shared fact-checking database](../generated_pages/counters/C00008.md) | D04 |
| [C00011 Media literacy. Games to identify fake news](../generated_pages/counters/C00011.md) | D02 |
| [C00012 Platform regulation](../generated_pages/counters/C00012.md) | D02 |
| [C00014 Real-time updates to fact-checking database](../generated_pages/counters/C00014.md) | D04 |
| [C00016 Censorship](../generated_pages/counters/C00016.md) | D02 |
| [C00027 Create culture of civility](../generated_pages/counters/C00027.md) | D07 |
| [C00046 Marginalise and discredit extremist groups](../generated_pages/counters/C00046.md) | D04 |
| [C00072 Remove non-relevant content from special interest groups - not recommended](../generated_pages/counters/C00072.md) | D02 |
| [C00073 Inoculate populations through media literacy training](../generated_pages/counters/C00073.md) | D02 |
| [C00074 Identify and delete or rate limit identical content](../generated_pages/counters/C00074.md) | D02 |
| [C00076 Prohibit images in political discourse channels](../generated_pages/counters/C00076.md) | D02 |
| [C00085 Mute content](../generated_pages/counters/C00085.md) | D03 |
| [C00107 Content moderation](../generated_pages/counters/C00107.md) | D02 |
| [C00117 Downgrade / de-amplify so message is seen by fewer people](../generated_pages/counters/C00117.md) | D04 |
| [C00118 Repurpose images with new text](../generated_pages/counters/C00118.md) | D04 |
| [C00119 Engage payload and debunk.](../generated_pages/counters/C00119.md) | D07 |
| [C00122 Content moderation](../generated_pages/counters/C00122.md) | D02 |
| [C00176 Improve Coordination amongst stakeholders: public and private](../generated_pages/counters/C00176.md) | D07 |
| [C00211 Use humorous counter-narratives](../generated_pages/counters/C00211.md) | D03 |


DO NOT EDIT ABOVE THIS LINE - PLEASE ADD NOTES BELOW