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_posts/development/2023-07-01-wallets.md
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---
## Explainer
* [Handout: The history and future of digital wallets](https://lockstep.com.au/handout-the-history-and-future-of-digital-wallets/) 2023-06-29 Steve Lockstep [PDF](https://lockstep.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/History-of-Wallets-Identiverse-2023-v1.0.pdf)
> We can trace the history of digital wallets with a Capability-Maturity Model (CMM) from paper and magnetic stripes to chip and mobiles. The fundamentally important trend over the decades has been to use smart technology to prove the properties of the data carried in the wallet. Today’s smart phone wallets prove the origin of each credential, possession by its rightful owner, the manufacturer and history of the wallet, and other metadata.
* [GlobaliD 101: ID wallets](https://medium.com/global-id/globalid-101-id-wallets-68fa77e6d0d7) 2022-08-02 GlobalID
> What if instead, you could securely and selectively share your ID with an expiring link? Your name and photo will be visible but other private details will be blurred out. Your Airbnb now believes you are who you say you are because they also trust the issuer of your digital credential. Likewise, you don’t have to worry that a copy of your full license is on a stranger’s phone forever. Everyone rests easy, and you enjoy the heck out of your vacation.
* [A Business Trip with FlexID SSID](https://medium.com/@kudzigeorge/a-business-trip-with-flexid-ssid-7aff5407fb28) 2022-03-19 Kudzaishe George Zharare
@ -128,6 +130,47 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-07-01
> Kathleen Kenyon & Anil John believe that blockchain-based identity wallets are designed for engineers, not users, and created the Digital Identity Wallet UI Design Competition to address that challenge. Hear from the finalists’: Jeff Stephens of Dignari, Josh Welty of Trinsic, along with Ken Ebert and Scott Harris of Indicio.
## Ecosystem
**[Wallet Overview](https://tno-ssi-lab.github.io/wallet-overview/) TNO SSI-Lab** 2023 [Related](https://findy.fi/en/ssi-rfi-2023/)
|Wallet |Open Source |Credential Format |Encoding Scheme |Signature Algorithm |Revocation Algorithm |Peer-to-Peer Protocol |Blockchain Type |Blockchain Purpose |Credential Exchange Protocol |Connection Type |
|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|AceID Wallet* - AceBlock |? |- |- |- |- |- |AceBlock blockchain framework |- |- |- |
|Apple Wallet |- |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|Atala PRISM - IOHK |No |JWT-VC, soon:AnonCreds|JSON, JSON-LD |ECDSA, soon: CL |Revocation not supported, soon: Revocation List 2021|DIDComm |Cardano |Anchoring public DIDs for issuers and/or verifiers (ie: enabling trust registry) |Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Connection-based communication |
|Blockcerts Wallet - Hyland Credentials|Yes |- |- |- |- |- |Bitcoin and Ethereum, with Merkle proof linking credential to blockchain transaction |- |- |- |
|Blockpass |No |- |- |- |- |- |Ethereum or Blockpass |- |- |- |
|Secure Identity - Bloom |No |- |- |- |- |- |? |- |- |- |
|CertiShare Wallet - The Ego Company |No |AnonCred, JSON-LD |JSON |BBS+ |Indy revocation |DIDComm, DID Exchange Protocol, openID |Hyperledger Indy |Schema, CredentialDefinitions, DID, Revocation |OIDC4CI, Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Connect.Me - Evernym |Yes |- |- |- |- |- |Hyperledger Indy and Hyperledger Ursa |- |- |- |
|Data Wallet - iGrant.io |No |AnonCreds, VC(?) |JSON |CL, ES256 |Indy revocation, EBSI revocation |OIDC, SIOP, DIDComm, DID Exchange Protocol, Connection protocols in AIP 1.0|Hyperledger Indy, Ethereum, EBSI blockchain |For publishing schema IDs, credential def IDs and public DID |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange, DEXA|Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Datakeeper - Rabobank Nederland |No |LDP-VC |JSON-LD |ECDSA |Validity credential, Revocation not supported |Datakeeper protocol |N/A |N/A |Datakeeper protocol (Verifiable Presentation) |Direct communication |
|DID:Wallet - ArcBlock |No |- |- |- |- |- |ArcBlock's own blockchain and comprehensive support for the Ethereum ecosystem. |- |- |- |
|esatus Wallet | A new version, SOWL wallet, coming soon, with an open source SDK.|AnonCred |JSON |CL |Indy revocation |DIDComm |N/A |N/A |Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Connection-based communication |
|Gataca |No |LDP-VC, JTW-VC |JSON-LD |EdDSA, RSA, secp256k, P-256, CadEs|Status List 2017, Status List 2021 |OIDC, SIOP |We are agnostic to the infra, so the platform right now supports Ethereum, Fabric and EBSI|To anchor DIDs (legal entities), and to anchor the trust framework |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Gimly ID |- |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|helix id - Blockchain Helix AG |partly open sourced |JWT, JWT-VC |compact and JSON serialization, JSON, JSON-LD |BBS+, ECDSA |DID Revocation |OIDC, DIDComm, DID Exchange Protocol |public permissioned Ethereum, IPFS |No personal data |Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|IDEMA |- |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|idento.one |- |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|Identry |No |AnonCred |JSON |CL |Indy revocation |DIDComm |HyperLedger Indy |Authorization, Credentials Schemas, Revocation registry |Present Proof Protocol |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Jolocom SmartWallet |Yes |- |- |- |- |- |Ethereum |- |- |- |
|KayTrust Wallet |No |- |- |- |- |- |Blockchain network based on Ethereum |- |- |- |
|Lissi Wallet |No |AnonCred |JSON |CL |Indy revocation |DIDComm |Hyperledger Indy |Decentralized Public Key Infrastructure |Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, soon: OpenID4VCI and OpenID4VP |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|MATTR Wallet |No |LDP-VC |JSON-LD |BBS+, EdDSA |RevocationList2020 |OIDC, DIDComm |ION - if ION DID menthod used |Storing public keys |OIDC4CI |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Microsoft Entra |No |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|MYKEEPiN - Metadium |No |JWT, JWT-VC |compact and JSON serialization, JSON, JSON-LD |ECDSA |Non-revocation token |N/A |Metadium |Scale up for DID |N/A |Direct communication |
|Paradym Wallet - Animo |Yes |JWT-VC |compact and JSON serialization, JSON |EdDSA, ES256 |No |OID4VC |N/A |N/A |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication |
|SelfKey Wallet |Yes |- |- |- |- |- |Ethereum |- |- |- |
|Sphereon Wallet |Yes |JWT, JWT-VC, LDP-VC |compact and JSON serialization, JSON, JSON-LD, JSON-LD|BBS+, ECDSA, EdDSA, RSA |Status List 2021, Validity credential |OIDC, SIOP, DIDComm |N/A |N/A |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Spherity Wallet |No |AnonCred, JSON-LD |- |CL, BBS+, EdDSA |Indy Revocation, Revocation 5539, Status List 2021 |OIDC, SIOP, DIDComm, DID Exchange Protocol |Ethereum |Anchor DID & DID Documents, Trust Registry, Revocation Registry |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Talao |Yes |JWT-VC, JSON-LD |JSON, JSON-LD |ECDSA |Status List 2021 |OIDC, SIOP, DID Exchange Protocol |Ethereum, ION, EBSI, PolygonID |identity, crypto |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|uPort |No |- |- |- |- |- |Ethereum |- |- |- |
|VIDwallet - Validated ID |No |JWT-VC, JSON-LD, JWT |JSON, JSON-LD |ECDSA, EdDSA |Status List 2021 |OIDC, SIOP |EBSI, Alastria, Ethereum |Trust Anchor, Trust registry, root of trust |OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP |both |
|walt.id |Yes |JWT, LDP-VC |compact and JSON serialization |ECDSA, EdDSA, RSA |Revocation not supported |OIDC, SIOP |ebsi, iota, cheqd, velocity |EBSI - cross-border digital public services. IOTA - the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. Velocity - Verified career credentials / trusted talent marketplace. Chqed - credential exchange between individuals and orgs.|OIDC4CI, OIDC4VP, Presentation Exchange |Direct communication, Connection-based communication |
|Workday Wallet |- |- |- |- |- |- | |- |- |- |
|Yivi - Privacy by Design Foundation |Yes |Idemix ABC |JSON |CL, Schnorr |Own implementation on top of Idemix |IRMA protocol |N/A |N/A |IRMA protocol |Direct communication, Interpreted as direct wallet to IDP and wallet to RP connections. No communication through centralized components in our infrastructure. IRMA is fully decentralized.|
|ZADA |Yes |AnonCred, RSA |JSON |CL, RSA |Indy revocation |DIDComm |Sovrin |Public DIDs and associated DID documents with verification keys and endpoints, schemas and credential definitions, revocation registries, agent authorisation policies |Issue Credential Protocol, Present Proof Protocol, Presentation Exchange |-
* [Verifiable Credentials Wallets for Learning and Employment](https://info.jff.org/digital-wallets) 2022-04 Jobs for the Future [Wallet Survey](https://info.jff.org/hubfs/Digital%20Wallet%20Market%20Scan/Market-Scan-Digital-Wallet-040122-vF.pdf)
> Skills-based practices make pathways to good careers more accessible to a wider segment of the workforce by focusing on what workers can do, not on the degrees or certifications they’ve earned. The verifiable credentials wallets highlighted in this market scan give learners and workers the tools they need to communicate the totality of their skills and abilities and translate their achievements into future opportunities\
> [...]\

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### Findynet - Finland
* [Finnish tech co-op receives government grant to develop a self-sovereign identity network](https://www.thenews.coop/164789/topic/technology/finnish-tech-co-op-receives-government-grant-to-develop-a-self-sovereign-identity-network/) 2022-09-02 TheNews
> The Finnish Government has awarded a €3m (£2.6m) grant to [Findynet Cooperative](https://findy.fi/en/) for a pilot project aiming to build a self-sovereign identity network.
* [The Findynet Cooperative receives a government grant to develop a trusted way to share information in electronic interactions](https://findy.fi/en/findy-a-visionary-initiative-by-the-public-and-private-sectors-is-developing-a-new-type-of-verifiable-data-network-that-strengthens-finlands-position-as-a-driving-force-in-building-digital/) 2022-08-31 Findy.fi
* [The Findynet Cooperative receives government grant to develop a trusted way to share information in electronic interactions](https://findy.fi/en/findy-a-visionary-initiative-by-the-public-and-private-sectors-is-developing-a-new-type-of-verifiable-data-network-that-strengthens-finlands-position-as-a-driving-force-in-building-digital/) 2022-08-31 Findy.fi
> The aim of this public-private cooperation is to strengthen Finland’s leading position in digitalization and support the emergence of investments in new digital services.
* [The Missing Network Layer Model](https://findy-network.github.io/blog/2022/03/05/the-missing-network-layer-model/) 2022-03-05 Findy *Epic Post*
> You might think that I have lost my mind. We have just reported that our Indy SDK based DID agency is [AIP 1.0](https://github.com/hyperledger/aries-rfcs/blob/main/concepts/0302-aries-interop-profile/README.md) compatible, and everything is wonderful. What’s going on?
### Spain
![](https://i.imgur.com/JKDcTOK.png)
* [Alastria](https://alastria.io/)
> a non-profit consortium building a national blockchain ecosystem for Spain. The security and veracity of information will be ensured through the identification of natural and legal persons, while at the same time allowing citizens to have control over their personal information in a transparent way following the guidelines set by the European Union.
* [alastria/alastria-identity](https://github.com/alastria/alastria-identity) 2023-02-03
@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-15
* [Verifiable Credentials for Digital Identity Projects](https://knowledge.wealize.digital/en/blog/verifiable-credentials-for-digital-identity-projects) 2021-08-26
> The Spanish Association for Standardization (UNE) has recently published the [UNE 71307-1](https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma?c=N0064986) Digital Enabling Technologies Standard. This is the first global standard on decentralized identity management, based on Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT).
* [Alastria Digital Identity: the Spanish Blockchain solution for SSI - Carlos Pastor](https://www.slideshare.net/SSIMeetup/alastria-digital-identity-the-spanish-blockchain-solution-for-ssi-carlos-pastor) 2018-06-28 SSI Meetup
> Alastria is an association to foster the implementation of a Spanish national blockchain whose nodes are run by Alastria members. Alastria gathers over 250 cross-industry members and was initiated by the some of the biggest corporations in Spain. Alastria ID proposes an implementation of the Self Sovereign Identity paradigm over a public-permissioned Blockchain and will be presented by Carlos Pastor, Alastria’s Digital Identity Commission Leader
> Alastria ID proposes an implementation of the Self Sovereign Identity paradigm over a public-permissioned Blockchain and will be presented by Carlos Pastor, Alastria’s Digital Identity Commission Leader
<iframe src="//www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/Hh5gNODSCRgYr1" width="595" height="485" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
@ -108,27 +106,23 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-15
* [Deployment of a Blockchain-Based Self-Sovereign Identity - Delft](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.01926.pdf) 2019-06-07
> This solution for making identities Self-Sovereign, builds on a generic provable claim model for which attestations of truth from third parties need to be collected. The claim model is then shown to be both blockchain structure and proof method agnostic. Four different implementations in support of these two claim model properties are shown to offer sub-second performance for claim creation and claim verification. Through the properties of Self-Sovereign Identity, legally valid status and acceptable performance, our solution is considered to be fit for adoption by the general public
* [TU Delft helps develop digital ID for use on your phone](https://www.tudelft.nl/en/2018/tu-delft/tu-delft-helps-develop-digital-id-for-use-on-your-phone/) 2018-06-07
> In addition to your passport and driving licence, a phone application that enables you to prove your identity quickly and securely and also offers even more privacy options could soon be possible. As part of the Dutch Blockchain Coalition, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft, The Netherlands) has joined forces with the Netherlands Identity Data Agency (RvIG), a division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Kingdom Relations (BZK), IDEMIA (the current manufacturer of Dutch passports) and law firm CMS, in developing an initial prototype for a digital stamp that could fulfil this purpose in the future. This digital identity is based on TU Delft’s innovative blockchain technology, known as Trustchain. The prototype was demonstrated at a BZK event held on 7 June. After the summer, a consumer trial of this technology will be launched in two Dutch municipalities.
* [TrustChain: A Sybil-resistant scalable blockchain - Presentation](https://slideplayer.com/slide/16485523/) 2018-03-22
* [TrustChain] [TU Delft helps develop digital ID for use on your phone](https://www.tudelft.nl/en/2018/tu-delft/tu-delft-helps-develop-digital-id-for-use-on-your-phone/) 2018-06-07
> As part of the Dutch Blockchain Coalition, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft, The Netherlands) has joined forces with the Netherlands Identity Data Agency (RvIG), a division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Kingdom Relations (BZK), IDEMIA (the current manufacturer of Dutch passports) and law firm CMS, in developing an initial prototype
* [Slides] [TrustChain: A Sybil-resistant scalable blockchain](https://slideplayer.com/slide/16485523/) 2018-03-22
> Source: Future Generation Computer Systems, Article in Press, Sep. 2017
![](https://i.imgur.com/xI2B1MF.png)
* [Dutch Blockchain Coalition](https://dutchblockchaincoalition.org)
* [Action Agenda](https://dutchblockchaincoalition.org/assets/images/default/Dutch-Blockchain-Coalition-action-agenda-ENG.pdf) 2017-06-15
> The Dutch Blockchain Action Agenda has been jointly developed by industry, government and knowledge institutions. Together they have assumed a leading role and joint responsibility for the success of the Action Agenda of the Dutch Blockchain Coalition. The coalition is permanently open for experts and stakeholders who want to make a contribution so that the coalition realises the maximum result. In this process, it will be continuously considered where the best match lies between the expertise offered and the interest of the programme, which should be viewed as a rolling agenda. The collaboration is for a period of several years, can assume different working practices, and in mutual consultation will be harmonised with the possibilities and needs of the partners involved.
* [Self-Sovereign Identity Framework and Blockchain](https://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en110/special/self-sovereign-identity-framework-and-blockchain) 2017-06-29
> Seven participants of the project (Accenture, APG, Brightlands, Chamber of Commerce, De Volksbank, Rabobank, and TNO) are developing a self-sovereign identity framework (SSIF) for the creation, validation and revocation of such identities that can be used in conjunction with blockchain technologies and the (disruptive) applications that are enabled by such technologies. The goal is to specify, validate and ultimately build a trustworthy, open digital infrastructure for self-sovereign identities that is secure, decentralized, open source, supports privacy (e.g., GDPR compliance) in multiple roles, and lacks a single point of failure or large information honey-pot. We aim to follow well-established requirements for user-centric identity systems
> The coalition is permanently open for experts and stakeholders who want to make a contribution so that the coalition realises the maximum result. In this process, it will be continuously considered where the best match lies between the expertise offered and the interest of the programme, which should be viewed as a rolling agenda.
* [Accenture, APG, Brightlands, Chamber of Commerce, De Volksbank, Rabobank, TNO] [Self-Sovereign Identity Framework and Blockchain](https://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en110/special/self-sovereign-identity-framework-and-blockchain) 2017-06-29
> The goal is to specify, validate and ultimately build a trustworthy, open digital infrastructure for self-sovereign identities that is secure, decentralized, open source, supports privacy (e.g., GDPR compliance) in multiple roles, and lacks a single point of failure or large information honey-pot. We aim to follow well-established requirements for user-centric identity systems
### Germany
* [Fintech Humans and One37 Identity Enter Into Strategic Partnership in Germany](https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2022-07-28/fintech-humans-and-one37-identity-enter-into-strategic-partnership-in-germany) 2022-07-28 Bloomberg
> SSI framework is adopted in Germany and throughout the EU as a key privacy-by-design framework. Through its membership in DIACC, One37 contributes to the future of digital identity by leveraging the lessons from its own real-life use-cases in Canada where Verifiable Credentials play an increasingly crucial role.
> Through its membership in DIACC, One37 contributes to the future of digital identity by leveraging the lessons from its own real-life use-cases in Canada where Verifiable Credentials play an increasingly crucial role.
* [Video] [Reinventing Government with Technology - Sebastian Manhart](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fTJA0r_XFg) 2021-12-01 KuppingerCole
> Raj Hegde is joined by Sebastian Manhart - Technical Advisor on Digital Identity for the German Chancellery to explore governmental reform and understand stakeholder expectations behind the rollout of digital identity projects in the post-COVID era.
* ["Irresponsible and Dangerous"](https://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/apps/id-wallet-was-nach-dem-fehlstart-mit-dem-digitalen-fuehrerschein-passiert-a-f4bc10bc-08ab-42b4-9325-5de5cdc66e05) 2021-12-10 Spigel
> The ID wallet for the digital driving license had a digital accident: A week before the federal elections, it was presented to the public by Transport Minister Andreas Scheuer (CSU), just under a week later it had disappeared from the Apple and Google app stores .
* [ID Wallet: The German government had long known about IT security vulnerabilities](https://marketresearchtelecast.com/id-wallet-the-german-government-had-long-known-about-it-security-vulnerabilities/190919/) 2021-10-30 Market Research Telecast
> The BSI expresses the problem as follows: “The authentication of the user required to carry out a hotel check-in on the basis of the factors possession (” link secret “) and knowledge (” PIN “) takes place exclusively on the basis of key material that is stored in the Wallet app is saved. ” No specially secured electronic storage and processing medium such as a “secure element” integrated in smartphones is used.
> Technical Advisor on Digital Identity for the German Chancellery to explore governmental reform and understand stakeholder expectations behind the rollout of digital identity projects in the post-COVID era.
* [IDnow AutoIdent will soon be usable according to German TKG](https://www.idnow.io/press/idnow-autoident-usable-german-tkg/) 2021-10-14 IDNow
> Automated identification procedures ensure seamless processes without media disruption and increase cost efficiency. By modernizing laws that allow these procedures, many cases can be simplified and modernized in the future.
* [Digital identities: German-Finnish cooperation agreed](https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/suche/digitale-identitaeten-deutsch-finnische-zusammenarbeit-vereinbart-1962298) 2021-09-22 Bundesregierung
@ -136,36 +130,29 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-15
#### Secure Digital Identities
* [ID-Ideal as an integrated solution](http://web.archive.org/web/20230616101616/https://jolocom.io/blog/id-ideal-as-an-integrated-solution/) 2021-11-17 Jolocom
The idea behind [ID-Ideal](https://1-id--ideal-de.translate.goog/?_x_tr_enc=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp) is to create a basis for existing and future identity services. To achieve this, interoperability between the individual ecosystems is necessary. For this reason, the project mainly focuses on key aspects:
>
> A) Trust Framework: harmonize various ID services and create standards for secure digital identities
>
> B) High relevance to everyday life and very good usability to increase the incentive
>
> C) Establishing a TrustNest initiative: an open community that promotes certification, exchange, and further development
> - Trust Framework: harmonize various ID services and create standards for secure digital identities
> - High relevance to everyday life and very good usability to increase the incentive
> - Establishing a TrustNest initiative: an open community that promotes certification, exchange, and further development
* [The latest in the DWeb: Jolocom’s breakthrough](http://web.archive.org/web/20230616055225/https://jolocom.io/blog/sdi-breakthrough/) 2021-05-06 Jolocom
> At the last DWeb Meetup, we were invited to share our role in the German Government’s 60M Euro SDI (Secure Digital Identities) innovation project to bring “Self-Sovereign Identity” to German and EU citizens.
* [IDunion Introduction and AMA (there will be another one tomorrow!)](https://iiw.idcommons.net/12D/_IDunion_Introduction_and_AMA_(there_will_be_another_one_tomorrow!)) 2021-05-06 Andre Kudra, IDunion
> [IDunion](https://idunion.org/?lang=en) enables self-determined identities based on Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) technologies Hyperledger Indy and Hyperledger Aries. The aim of the IDunion organisation is to create an open ecosystem for decentralised identity management, which can be used  worldwide and is based on European values and regulations.
>
> IDunion is also a [project](https://www.digitale-technologien.de/DT/Redaktion/DE/Standardartikel/SchaufensterSichereDigIdentProjekte/Schaufensterprojekte/sdi-projekt_idunion.html) co-funded by the [German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs (BMWi)](https://www.bmwi.de/Navigation/EN/Home/home.html) as part of the [Showcases Secure Digital Identities program](https://www.digitale-technologien.de/DT/Navigation/DE/ProgrammeProjekte/AktuelleTechnologieprogramme/Sichere_Digitale_Identitaeten/sichere_digitale_ident.html)
* [Showcase programme “Secure Digital Identities”](https://www.digitale-technologien.de/DT/Redaktion/EN/Standardartikel/sdi_programm.html) 2020-06 Digitale Technoligen DE
> With this innovation competition, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) is directly contributing to Germany’s digital sovereignty and data security on the Internet. The measure aims to strengthen the confidence of citizens and companies in digital transformation. The envisaged proposals should also be aligned with the needs and opportunities of small and medium-sized enterprises and enable them to implement and use Secure Digital Identities.
> With this innovation competition, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) is directly contributing to Germany’s digital sovereignty and data security on the Internet. The measure aims to strengthen the confidence of citizens and companies in digital transformation.
### Catalonia
* [Catalan digital ID program using Blockchain wins government approval](https://www.secureidnews.com/news-item/catalan-digital-id-program-using-blockchain-wins-government-approval/) 2019-09-26
> The newly announced Catalan digital ID initiative will use blockchain technology to empower citizen service in the northeastern corner of Spain. The regional government of Catalan [reportedly](https://tokenpost.com/Catalan-government-to-develop-DLT-based-self-sovereign-digital-ID-platform-3347) has “launched a new project to create decentralized and self-sovereign digital identity based on distributed ledger technology.”
> The regional government of Catalan [reportedly](https://tokenpost.com/Catalan-government-to-develop-DLT-based-self-sovereign-digital-ID-platform-3347) has “launched a new project to create decentralized and self-sovereign digital identity based on distributed ledger technology.”
* [Catalan government announces self-sovereign identity project](https://www.ledgerinsights.com/catalan-government-self-sovereign-identity/) 2019-09-09
> The government of Catalonia announced its plans for self-sovereign identities (SSIs) for citizens based on blockchain technology. The project, named IdentiCAT, was revealed by the President of Catalonia Quim Torra and will allow citizens to be the “owner, manager and exclusive custod[ian] of his identity and data”.
* [Catalonia Announces Decentralized ID System the Govt Won’t Control](https://cointelegraph.com/news/catalonia-announces-a-decentralized-id-system-the-govt-wont-control) 2019-09-09
> President Quim Torra and Minister of Digital Policies and Administration Jordi Puigneró announced the project on Sept. 7, local media outlet VilaWeb reported. Notably, the government says it will not have access to citizens' data.
> Citizens using IdentiCAT will reportedly be able to choose what data they are willing to share with the government, and request it to store a portion of it and share it with third parties.
## Interop
* [Validated ID is set to complete the S4EDI20 interoperability tests](https://www.validatedid.com/post-en/validated-id-is-set-to-complete-the-as4edi20-interoperability-tests) 2022-09-18 ValidatedID
> This represents the last phase of the AS4EDI20 project to implement the CEF eDelivery AS4 profile in Europe. This project is co-financed by the European Commission through the CEF Telecom program and managed by HaDEA, with action number 2020-EU-IA-0024.
* [A pilot project for interoperable decentralised identity between Aigües de Barcelona, CaixaBank and Validated ID](https://www.validatedid.com/post-en/open-innovation-project-for-the-collaboration-between-large-companies-and-emerging-companies) 2022-08-09 Validated ID
> The interoperability tests are being carried out with 2 PEPPOL APs of the entities SATAPROMOFARMA and Ionite, and include the use of our solution and all steps of the data exchange process. It covers the operation of ID Validated AP and SMP.
* [Pilot] [Interoperable decentralised identity between Aigües de Barcelona, CaixaBank and Validated ID](https://www.validatedid.com/post-en/open-innovation-project-for-the-collaboration-between-large-companies-and-emerging-companies) 2022-08-09 Validated ID
> The lines of action of the laboratory are framed in six blocks: resilient water resources, the impact of global change; efficient infrastructure management; the environment and health; water and energy; and water demand management. The projects developed contribute to the achievement of one or more Sustainable Development Goals, putting the citizen at the center of digital transformation and advocating a perspective on technological humanism.
* [Video] [Building interoperable self-sovereign identity for Europe](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iN6N_aIeHlU) TNO Oskar van Deventer
> ways to build an SSI ecosystem and architecture together that is interoperable and technologically mature fit for society and funding opportunities for SSI projects through grants.
@ -179,55 +166,32 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-15
* [European Union Digital Identity Wallet Consortium](https://eudiwalletconsortium.org/) EUDI Wallet Consortium
> The EU Digital Wallet Consortium (EWC) is a joint effort to successfully leverage the benefits of the proposed EU digital identity in the form of Digital Travel Credentials across the Member States. The EWC intends to build on the Reference Wallet Application to enable a use case focused on Digital Travel Credentials.
* [Self-Sovereign Identity Working Group](https://europeanblockchainassociation.org/eba-working-group-self-sovereign-identity-eussi/) European Blockchain Association in collaboration with the European Commission
> The European Blockchain Association e. V. identified the potential for better communication, coordination and guidance in the European SSI community. Right now, many enterprises and organisations are building their own SSI solutions by implementing the existing standards and protocols. Since all these parties do similar work and have to face similar problems, it is critical for the community to share these learnings and experiences openly. To facilitate this process, the European Blockchain Association e. V. has founded an SSI Working Group which is open to participation from organisations, enterprises and individuals.
> The European Blockchain Association e. V. identified the potential for better communication, coordination and guidance in the European SSI community. Right now, many enterprises and organisations are building their own SSI solutions by implementing the existing standards and protocols.
## Background
* [Control over data still a long way off according to research into Self-Sovereign Identity](https://ibestuur-nl.translate.goog/podium/controle-over-data-nog-ver-weg-volgens-onderzoek-naar-self-sovereign-identity?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=nl&_x_tr_pto=nui) 2021-10-20 iBestuur
> In their final recommendations, the researchers from INNOPAY and TNO argue that in view of the social value of digital data exchange, the government would do well to play a driving role in the further consolidation of the SSI playing field. That starts with creating clarity about the relationship between the Digital Government Act and the EU Digital Identity Wallet.
> researchers from INNOPAY and TNO argue that in view of the social value of digital data exchange, the government would do well to play a driving role in the further consolidation of the SSI playing field. That starts with creating clarity about the relationship between the Digital Government Act and the EU Digital Identity Wallet.
* [Blockchain-enabled Self-Sovereign Identity](https://www.e-zigurat.com/innovation-school/blog/self-sovereign-identity/) 2021-09-06
> Martin Schäffner, the initiator of the [EuSSI Working Group](https://europeanblockchainassociation.org/eba-working-group-self-sovereign-identity-eussi/) of the [European Blockchain Association](https://europeanblockchainassociation.org/) and expert in Self-Sovereign Identity, explains the concept of Self-Sovereign Identity and how it differentiates from conventional digital identities.
* [The Roles of Government & The Private Sector in a Digital ID Program with Sebastian Manhart](https://northernblock.io/roles-of-government-and-private-sector-in-digital-id/) 2021-08-13 Northern Block
> we dive into what’s happening within the Digital ID landscape within Europe. Sebastian Manhart is very well positioned between policy and technology in the European Union. In this episode of SSI Orbit, he shares his experiences and future projections.
* [Data Sovereignty and Trusted Online Identity](https://beyondstandards.ieee.org/data-sovereignty-and-trusted-online-identity/) 2021-07-28 IEEE Beyond Standards
> The panel discussed the creation of self-sovereign identification from three viewpoints – the government, the private sector, and the citizens.
> 1. The government could lead the way, with a centralized public key infrastructure. The EU EIDAS regulation, adopted in 2014, established electronic identification based on such an infrastructure. Uptake has been a challenge with this approach, however. Some countries have seen high adoption rates, such as Estonia, but other countries, such as Germany, still see a low adoption rate.
> 2. In a second scenario, the private sector could potentially lead the effort — there are already companies that provide us with secure ID. Some people, however, would be concerned about data privacy.
> 3. A third path could involve handing back some control to citizens. One example of such an approach is the European Self Sovereign Identity Framework developed by the EU Commission. Here the control lies neither with a centralized government service nor with private companies, but is given to the citizens.
* [The European Single Identity System “Back to the Future”](https://vimeo.com/481408424) 2020-12-19 EEMA
> Chair: Steve Pannifer, COO, Consult Hyperion
> Steve Purser, Head of Core Operations, ENISA
> Tolis Apladas, Program Manager of eIdentity and eSigning Services, EU Commission
> Detlef Hühnlein, Director, [go.eIDAS](https://www.eid.as/4all) e.V
> A third path could involve handing back some control to citizens. One example of such an approach is the European Self Sovereign Identity Framework developed by the EU Commission. Here the control lies neither with a centralized government service nor with private companies, but is given to the citizens.
* [EU report signposts route to blockchain ID verification](https://www.globalgovernmentforum.com/eu-report-signposts-route-to-blockchain-id-verification/) 2019-05-30
> “There are persistent – and increasingly serious – problems with the way digital identity works,” says the report, ‘Blockchain and Digital Identity’. “For individuals, but also for businesses and governments, the status quo is becoming less and less tenable.”
>
> But the report maps out a path to improving the current digital ID landscape, in which citizens typically use a huge range of systems to access public and private services. “It is now possible to build new identity frameworks based on the concept of decentralised identities,” its authors write, setting out six recommendations for public sector business owners and digital professionals.
* [EU Report Considers Blockchain-Based Digital Identities, Tokenized National Currencies](https://cointelegraph.com/news/eu-report-considers-blockchain-based-digital-identities-tokenized-national-currencies) 2018-12-07
* EU Blockchain Forum - [BLOCKCHAIN FOR GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC SERVICES](https://www.eublockchainforum.eu/sites/default/files/reports/eu_observatory_blockchain_in_government_services_v1_2018-12-07.pdf)
* [BLOCKCHAIN FOR GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC SERVICES](https://www.eublockchainforum.eu/sites/default/files/reports/eu_observatory_blockchain_in_government_services_v1_2018-12-07.pdf) EU Blockchain Forum
* [EU BLOCKCHAIN OBSERVATORY AND FORUM—Workshop Report e-Identity](https://www.eublockchainforum.eu/sites/default/files/reports/workshop_5_report_-_e-identity.pdf) 2018-11-07
* [Government services and digital identity](https://www.eublockchainforum.eu/sites/default/files/research-paper/20180801_government_services_and_digital_identity.pdf) 2018-08-01 EUBlockchainForum
> The theme of this paper is the use of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for government services, and digital identity in relation to those. The scope for the state-of-the-art is global, but conclusions and recommendations focus on the significance and barriers in the European context. We assume general familiarity with blockchain and smart contract technology. For the purposes of this document, the essential features are that a blockchain has no central data controller or storage, and that it is an append-only immutable record store with reliable timestamping. More specific details, such as consensus mechanism, which vary from one blockchain network to another, are omitted.
> The theme of this paper is the use of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for government services, and digital identity in relation to those. The scope for the state-of-the-art is global, but conclusions and recommendations focus on the significance and barriers in the European context.
### Bundlesblok Position Paper
* [A position paper on blockchain enabled identity and the road ahead](https://www.bundesblock.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/ssi-paper.pdf) 2018-10 Identity Working Group of the German Blockchain Association [[article](https://www.bundesblock.de/2018/10/23/position-paper-self-sovereign-identity/)]
> **_Appendix VII – Pilot Projects and Proof of Concepts_**
* **TrustNet (Finland)**
> TrustNet is a heavily industry-networked research project that focuses on developing a blockchain-based distributed environment for personal data management following the MyData principles.
* **Alastria (Spain)**
> The security and veracity of information will be ensured through the identification of natural and legal persons, while at the same time allowing citizens to have control over their personal information in a transparent way following the guidelines set by the European Union.
* **Blockchain on the Move (Antwerp, Belgium)**
> As a cooperation project between the city of Antwerp, the Flemish Information Agency, Digipolis and the Flemish ICT organization (V-ICT-OR), the project Blockchain on the Move is a pilot project on SSI and its application on the municipal level. It explores the potential of SSI for e-Government use cases and State-issued credentials for private sector B2B and B2C use cases.
* **City of Zug (UPort and ti&m)**
> With the SSI implemented in Zug, users can now pay their parking fees, register for elections or perform online sign on for e-government services33. The benefits range for the city of Zug are low infrastructure requirements, decreased security risks, cost effectiveness, GDPR compliance and scalability.
* **Danube Tech (Austria)**
> In a SSI proof-of-concept during the first half of 2018, 3 banks, an insurance company, the Austrian Post, and an institution representing notaries has cooperated to implement a range of use cases based on DIDs, Verifiable Credentials, Sovrin, and the XDI protocol. The use cases included:
> * digital ID onboarding for existing clients,
> * SSO for new clients,KYC
> * sharing of KYC data between organizations,
> * dynamic data verification (change-of-address),
> * secure communication (e-mail with ID confirmation),
> * change of identity service providers,
> * personal ID verification in a peer-to-peer marketplace
* **TrustNet (Finland)** a heavily industry-networked research project that focuses on developing a blockchain-based distributed environment for personal data management following the MyData principles.
* **Alastria (Spain)** allowing citizens to have control over their personal information in a transparent way following the guidelines set by the European Union.
* **Blockchain on the Move (Antwerp, Belgium)** explores the potential of SSI for e-Government use cases and State-issued credentials for private sector B2B and B2C use cases.
* **City of Zug (UPort and ti&m)** users can now pay their parking fees, register for elections or perform online sign on for e-government services.
* **Danube Tech (Austria)** 3 banks, an insurance company, the Austrian Post, and an institution representing notaries has cooperated to implement a range of use cases based on DIDs, Verifiable Credentials, Sovrin, and the XDI protocol.