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README.md
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README.md
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>Imagine a world where you are in direct control of your personal information; a world where you can limit and control how much information you share while retaining the ability to transact in the world. This is self-sovereign identity, and it is already here. Blockchain is the underlying technology paving the path to self-sovereign identity through decentralized networks. It ensures privacy and trust, where transactions are secure, authenticated and verifiable and endorsed by relevant, permissioned participants. [-Jerry Cuomo](https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/10/the-promise-of-managing-identity-on-the-blockchain/) (IBM)
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**Link Key:**
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[[**T**]()witter][[**G**]()ithub][[**B**]()log][[**wp**]() whitepaper][[**ϟ**]() related resource][[**^**]() back to the contents][[**>**]() related section]
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### Contents
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* [A Note from the Editor](#A-Note-from-the-Editor)
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**Pull Requests Welcome**
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## History[**^**](#Contents)
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* [A Brief History of Digital Identity](https://medium.com/humanizing-the-singularity/a-brief-history-of-digital-identity-9d6a773bf9f5)
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@ -73,22 +75,22 @@ This isn't a firm historical outline, just enough to provide context for the res
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### Internet Identity Workshop[**^**](#Contents)
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In 2005, [Kaliya Young](https://identitywoman.net/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/IdentityWoman)], [Phil Windley](https://windley.com)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/windley)], [Drummond Reed](https://www.evernym.com/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/drummondreed)][[**blog**](https://equalsdrummond.name/)], and [Doc Searls](http://blogs.harvard.edu/doc/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/dsearls)][[**blog**](https://blogs.harvard.edu/doc)] hosted the first [Internet Identity Workshop](http://www.internetidentityworkshop.com/)(IIW)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/idworkshop)] in Berkeley to discuss "architectural and governance proposals for Internet-wide identity services and their underlying philosophies." -[Announcing IIW 2005](https://identitywoman.net/announcing-the-internet-identity-workshop-iiw2005/)
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In 2005, [Kaliya Young](https://identitywoman.net/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/IdentityWoman)], [Phil Windley](https://windley.com)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/windley)], [Drummond Reed](https://www.evernym.com/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/drummondreed)][[**B**](https://equalsdrummond.name/)], and [Doc Searls](http://blogs.harvard.edu/doc/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/dsearls)][[**B**](https://blogs.harvard.edu/doc)] hosted the first [Internet Identity Workshop](http://www.internetidentityworkshop.com/)(IIW)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/idworkshop)] in Berkeley to discuss "architectural and governance proposals for Internet-wide identity services and their underlying philosophies." -[Announcing IIW 2005](https://identitywoman.net/announcing-the-internet-identity-workshop-iiw2005/)
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Since then, the IIW has met bi-anually, actively supporting the development of the identity software-ecosystem, including [OpenID](http://wiki.openid.net)('05), OpenID [2.0](http://wiki.openid.net/w/page/12995215/OpenID%20Authentication%202-1)('06), [OAuth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth)('10), [FIDO](https://fidoalliance.org/)('13) and OpenID [Connect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenID_Connect)('14).
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IIW participants began the effort towards creating a truly "[user centric identity](https://www.networkworld.com/article/2304596/access-control/what-is--user-centric--identity-.html)," in contrast to identity solutions whos focus has been fulfilling the needs of the enterprise. The pioneers of decentralized identity have long struggled against the "identity silo paradox," that while the [identerati](https://www.zdnet.com/article/the-identity-silo-paradox/) continually work on solutions to break up these silos, the enterprise has had a strong financial incentive to retain them.
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* [Not Just Who They Say We Are: Claiming our identity on the Internet](https://vimeo.com/207961532)- short film on the “Identerati” of the IIW[[**1**](https://www.prweb.com/releases/identitymovie/iiw2017/prweb14161721.htm)]
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* [identirati](https://www.zdnet.com/article/the-identity-silo-paradox/)[[**2**](https://www.forgerock.com/blog/who-are-the-identerati)] is a term for those working on standards and methods based on the premise of opening up id data silos, dating back to at least 2006:
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* [Not Just Who They Say We Are: Claiming our identity on the Internet](https://vimeo.com/207961532)- short film on the “Identerati” of the IIW[[**ϟ**](https://www.prweb.com/releases/identitymovie/iiw2017/prweb14161721.htm)]
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* [identirati](https://www.zdnet.com/article/the-identity-silo-paradox/)[[**ϟ**](https://www.forgerock.com/blog/who-are-the-identerati)] is a term for those working on standards and methods based on the premise of opening up id data silos, dating back to at least 2006:
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* **More information** on iid standards history: \
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**[IIW-Wiki](http://iiw.idcommons.net/Main_Page)** | **[identitywoman.net](https://identitywoman.net/)** | **[windley.com/tags/identity](http://www.windley.com/tags/identity.shtml)** | **[WoTinfo](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/)**
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In [April of 2014](https://edps.europa.eu/data-protection/data-protection/legislation/history-general-data-protection-regulation_en), the European Parliament demonstrates strong support for the GDPR, which passes back and forth through the European Council, Commision and Parliment throught the rest of the year.
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[8/14](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/charter-20140808/) The [Credentials Community Group](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/)[[**3**](https://w3c-ccg.github.io/)] forms, hosted by [World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)](https://www.w3.org/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/w3c)][[**github**](https://github.com/w3c)] : "to forge a path for a secure, decentralized system of credentials that would empower both individual people and organizations on the Web to store, transmit, and receive digitally verifiable proof of qualifications and achievements." —proposed by [Manu Sporney](http://manu.sporny.org/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/manusporny)][[**4**](https://digitalbazaar.com/)]
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[8/14](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/charter-20140808/) The [Credentials Community Group](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/)[[**ϟ**](https://w3c-ccg.github.io/)] forms, hosted by [World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)](https://www.w3.org/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/w3c)][[**G**](https://github.com/w3c)] : "to forge a path for a secure, decentralized system of credentials that would empower both individual people and organizations on the Web to store, transmit, and receive digitally verifiable proof of qualifications and achievements." —proposed by [Manu Sporney](http://manu.sporny.org/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/manusporny)] (of [digitalbazaar.com](https://digitalbazaar.com/))
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[*What is Sovereign Source Authority?*](https://www.moxytongue.com/2012/02/what-is-sovereign-source-authority.html) shows an early use of 'sovereign' in relation to our internet identities. The term "Self Sovereign Identity" started becoming widely used in 2014.[[**5**](https://www.tokencommons.org/Windhover-Principles-for-Digital-Identity-Trust-Data.html)][[**6**](https://hubculture.com/hubs/47/news/689/)]
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[*What is Sovereign Source Authority?*](https://www.moxytongue.com/2012/02/what-is-sovereign-source-authority.html) shows an early use of 'sovereign' in relation to our internet identities. The term "Self Sovereign Identity" started becoming widely used in 2014.[[**ϟ**](https://www.tokencommons.org/Windhover-Principles-for-Digital-Identity-Trust-Data.html)][[**ϟ**](https://hubculture.com/hubs/47/news/689/)]
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<img src="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/images/image18_3741.jpg"/>
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### Bitnation and the United Nations[**^**](#Contents)
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9\15 [Bitnation](https://bitnation.co/) "seeks to establish the concept of '*world citizenship*' via a bitcoin based identity, offering '[*blockchain emergency IDs*](https://refugees.bitnation.co/)' to refugees.[[**7**](https://www.newsbtc.com/2015/09/09/bitnation-taps-blockchain-tech-to-aid-refugees/)]
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9\15 [Bitnation](https://bitnation.co/) "seeks to establish the concept of '*world citizenship*' via a bitcoin based identity, offering '[*blockchain emergency IDs*](https://refugees.bitnation.co/)' to refugees.[[**ϟ**](https://www.newsbtc.com/2015/09/09/bitnation-taps-blockchain-tech-to-aid-refugees/)]
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The same month, the UN unveiled it's *Agenda for Sustainable Development*.
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* [DIGITAL IDENTITY AS A BASIC HUMAN RIGHT](https://impakter.com/digital-identity-basic-human-right/)
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* [AID:Tech](https://aid.technology) [[**twitter**]](https://twitter.com/aidtechnology) — "is a voucher and digital identity solution for refugees. A digital record of a person's identity is stored on a smart card, along with various additional information. Blockchain technology is used to distribute all resources in a highly traceable manner."
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* [AID:Tech](https://aid.technology) [[**T**]](https://twitter.com/aidtechnology) — "is a voucher and digital identity solution for refugees. A digital record of a person's identity is stored on a smart card, along with various additional information. Blockchain technology is used to distribute all resources in a highly traceable manner."
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[4/16](https://edps.europa.eu/data-protection/data-protection/legislation/history-general-data-protection-regulation_en) the EU adopted the GDPR, enacted as law May 2018.
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[Christopher Allen](http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/)[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/ChristopherA)][[**github**](https://github.com/ChristopherA)] details the overarching history of internet idenitity standards in his seminal work (Also submitted to the ID2020\RWoT workshop):
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* **[The Path to Self-Soverereign Identity](http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2016/04/the-path-to-self-soverereign-identity.html)**[[**8**](https://www.coindesk.com/path-self-sovereign-identity/amp/)] details the history of identity standards leading up to self-sovereign and details the 10 principles of self-sovereign identity.
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[Christopher Allen](http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/)[[**T**](https://twitter.com/ChristopherA)][[**G**](https://github.com/ChristopherA)] details the overarching history of internet idenitity standards in his seminal work (Also submitted to the ID2020\RWoT workshop):
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* **[The Path to Self-Soverereign Identity](http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2016/04/the-path-to-self-soverereign-identity.html)**[[**ϟ**](https://www.coindesk.com/path-self-sovereign-identity/amp/)] details the history of identity standards leading up to self-sovereign and details the 10 principles of self-sovereign identity.
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> I am part of the team putting together the first ID2020 Summit on Digital Identity at the United Nations
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* The second RWoT workshop ran in conjunction with the UN's [ID2020](https://id2020.org/) Summit in New York that [May](https://press.pwc.com/News-releases/id2020-to-kick-start-digital-identity-summit-at-un-with-pwc-support./s/9fe11be5-cbd8-486b-b4d2-d798f486d0f2):
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>1.1 Billion people live without an officially recognized identity — This lack of recognized identification deprives them of protection, access to services, and basic rights. ID2020 is a public-private partnership dedicated to solving the challenges of identity for these people through technology. - id2020.org
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* On May 22 at Consensus 2017 the formation of the Decentralized Identity Foundation (DIF) [was announced](https://www.ethnews.com/decentralized-identity-foundation-announces-formation-at-consensus-2017)
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* [Conensus 2017 - Building an Foundation for Decentralized Identity](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5laRZfn8AI) (video)
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* [Decentralized Identity Foundation](http://identity.foundation/) (DIF) [[**github**](https://github.com/decentralized-identity)] [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/DecentralizedID)] [[**blog**](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity)]
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* [Decentralized Identity Foundation](http://identity.foundation/) (DIF) [[**G**](https://github.com/decentralized-identity)] [[**T**](https://twitter.com/DecentralizedID)] [[**B**](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity)]
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>A key piece of the decentralized identity equation is how people, organizations, and devices can be identified and located without centralized systems of identifiers (e.g. email addresses). DIF members are actively working on protocols and implementations that enable creation, resolution, and discovery of decentralized identifiers and names across decentralized systems, like blockchains and distributed ledgers.
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* Members sharing the goal of “building an open source decentralized identity ecosystem for people, organizations, apps, and devices” include: [Microsoft](https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RE2DjfY) | [uPort](https://github.com/uport-project/ethr-did/blob/develop/docs/index.md) | [IBM](https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/06/self-sovereign-identity-why-blockchain/) | [Sovrin](https://github.com/sovrin-foundation/sovrin/blob/master/spec/did-method-spec-template.html) | [SecureKey](https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/05/self-sovereign-identity-our-recent-activity-as-a-sovrin-steward/) | [Blockstack](https://github.com/blockstack/blockstack-core/blob/feature/docs-bns/docs/blockstack_naming_service.md#decentralized-identifiers-dids) | [Evernym](https://www.evernym.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/What-Goes-On-The-Ledger.pdf) | [Hyperledger](https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-sdk/blob/master/doc/getting-started/getting-started.md) | [Civic](https://www.civic.com/solutions/kyc-services/) | [Accenture](https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-blockchain-id2020) | [Danube](https://github.com/projectdanube/xdi2) | [netki](https://bravenewcoin.com/insights/netki-launches-digital-id-solution-which-bitt-is-using-with-central-banks-in-the-caribbean) | [RSA](https://www.rsa.com/en-us/research-and-thought-leadership/rsa-labs) | [Consent](https://sovrin.org/steward/global-consent/) | [IOTA](https://medium.com/@iotasuppoter/iota-the-case-of-decentralized-digital-identity-de7b95042c12) | [Mooti](https://www.cio.com/article/3147358/it-industry/ibm-building-blockchain-ecosystem.html) | [R3](https://www.gemalto.com/press/pages/gemalto-and-r3-pilot-blockchain-technology-to-put-users-in-control-of-their-digital-id.aspx) | [Authenteq](https://venturebeat.com/2018/08/30/authenteq-launches-blockchain-identity-verification-to-stop-online-trolls/) | [Blockchain-foundry](https://www.blockchainfoundry.co/blockchain-foundry-inc-announces-new-software-release-for-blockchain-based/) | [Validatedid](https://www.validatedid.com/vidchain-the-future-of-digital-identity/) | [1kosmos](https://onekosmos.com/product-details/) | [gamecredits](https://medium.com/@gamecredits/introducing-blinking-blink-identity-management-on-the-blockchain-9258c7d76a8d)[[*](https://blinking.id)] | [auth0](https://auth0.com/) | [Jolocom](https://stories.jolocom.com/jolocom-brings-blockchain-identity-to-privacy-week-berlin-acdaee665f0) | [Enigma](https://blog.enigma.co/off-chain-identity-claims-with-enigma-2d5b23c31f92) | [Humanized-internet](https://www.thehumanizedinternet.org/) | [Pillar](https://pillarprojectfoundation.org/blog/announcing-the-pillar-project/) | [id2020](https://id2020.org/manifesto/) | [Nuggets](https://www.mobilepaymentstoday.com/news/identity-and-payments-platform-nuggets-partners-with-iot-company/) | [Tierion](https://medium.com/tierion/tierion-network-update-january-19-2018-fa88c6bee69f) | [British Columbia Ministry of Citizens Services](https://vonx.io/about/) | [Gem](https://epicenter.tv/episode/207/) | [aetna](https://www.aetna.com/) | [Equinix](https://www.equinix.com/) | [KYC-Chain](https://kyc-chain.com/) | [BlockPass](https://www.blockpass.org/downloads/BlockpassWhitepaper.v1.3.2.pdf) | [Ockam](https://www.ockam.io/) | [NuID](https://nuid.io/pdfs/solution-overview.pdf) | [MetaX](https://adtoken.com/uploads/white-paper.pdf) | [GS1](https://www.gs1.org/standards/id-keys) | [DIID](https://www.diid.io/) | [nuggets](https://nuggets.life/images/Nuggets-White-Paper.pdf) | [Trusted key](https://www.trustedkey.com/) | [zinc](https://tykn.tech/project-zinc/) | ONTology | [Mastercard](https://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/mastercard-microsoft-join-forces-to-advance-digital-identity-innovations/) | LNk-E | ID2020 | Veridium | Meeco | Dominode | Enigma | datum | Onfido | identos | diwala | \<sitekit\> | suru | botlabs | enterprise ethereum alliance | remme | Taqanu | Distributed ID | R_Block | Ideo | BigchainDB | One Kosmos
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* Members sharing the goal of “building an open source decentralized identity ecosystem for people, organizations, apps, and devices” include: [Microsoft](https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RE2DjfY) | [uPort](https://github.com/uport-project/ethr-did/blob/develop/docs/index.md) | [IBM](https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/06/self-sovereign-identity-why-blockchain/) | [Sovrin](https://github.com/sovrin-foundation/sovrin/blob/master/spec/did-method-spec-template.html) | [SecureKey](https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/05/self-sovereign-identity-our-recent-activity-as-a-sovrin-steward/) | [Blockstack](https://github.com/blockstack/blockstack-core/blob/feature/docs-bns/docs/blockstack_naming_service.md#decentralized-identifiers-dids) | [Evernym](https://www.evernym.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/What-Goes-On-The-Ledger.pdf) | [Hyperledger](https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-sdk/blob/master/doc/getting-started/getting-started.md) | [Civic](https://www.civic.com/solutions/kyc-services/) | [Accenture](https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-blockchain-id2020) | [Danube](https://github.com/projectdanube/xdi2) | [netki](https://bravenewcoin.com/insights/netki-launches-digital-id-solution-which-bitt-is-using-with-central-banks-in-the-caribbean) | [RSA](https://www.rsa.com/en-us/research-and-thought-leadership/rsa-labs) | [Consent](https://sovrin.org/steward/global-consent/) | [IOTA](https://medium.com/@iotasuppoter/iota-the-case-of-decentralized-digital-identity-de7b95042c12) | [Mooti](https://www.cio.com/article/3147358/it-industry/ibm-building-blockchain-ecosystem.html) | [R3](https://www.gemalto.com/press/pages/gemalto-and-r3-pilot-blockchain-technology-to-put-users-in-control-of-their-digital-id.aspx) | [Authenteq](https://venturebeat.com/2018/08/30/authenteq-launches-blockchain-identity-verification-to-stop-online-trolls/) | [Blockchain-foundry](https://www.blockchainfoundry.co/blockchain-foundry-inc-announces-new-software-release-for-blockchain-based/) | [Validatedid](https://www.validatedid.com/vidchain-the-future-of-digital-identity/) | [1kosmos](https://onekosmos.com/product-details/) | [gamecredits](https://medium.com/@gamecredits/introducing-blinking-blink-identity-management-on-the-blockchain-9258c7d76a8d)[[**ϟ**](https://blinking.id)] | [auth0](https://auth0.com/) | [Jolocom](https://stories.jolocom.com/jolocom-brings-blockchain-identity-to-privacy-week-berlin-acdaee665f0) | [Enigma](https://blog.enigma.co/off-chain-identity-claims-with-enigma-2d5b23c31f92) | [Humanized-internet](https://www.thehumanizedinternet.org/) | [Pillar](https://pillarprojectfoundation.org/blog/announcing-the-pillar-project/) | [id2020](https://id2020.org/manifesto/) | [Nuggets](https://www.mobilepaymentstoday.com/news/identity-and-payments-platform-nuggets-partners-with-iot-company/) | [Tierion](https://medium.com/tierion/tierion-network-update-january-19-2018-fa88c6bee69f) | [British Columbia Ministry of Citizens Services](https://vonx.io/about/) | [Gem](https://epicenter.tv/episode/207/) | [aetna](https://www.aetna.com/) | [Equinix](https://www.equinix.com/) | [KYC-Chain](https://kyc-chain.com/) | [BlockPass](https://www.blockpass.org/downloads/BlockpassWhitepaper.v1.3.2.pdf) | [Ockam](https://www.ockam.io/) | [NuID](https://nuid.io/pdfs/solution-overview.pdf) | [MetaX](https://adtoken.com/uploads/white-paper.pdf) | [GS1](https://www.gs1.org/standards/id-keys) | [DIID](https://www.diid.io/) | [nuggets](https://nuggets.life/images/Nuggets-White-Paper.pdf) | [Trusted key](https://www.trustedkey.com/) | [zinc](https://tykn.tech/project-zinc/) | ONTology | [Mastercard](https://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/mastercard-microsoft-join-forces-to-advance-digital-identity-innovations/) | LNk-E | ID2020 | Veridium | Meeco | Dominode | Enigma | datum | Onfido | identos | diwala | \<sitekit\> | suru | botlabs | enterprise ethereum alliance | remme | Taqanu | Distributed ID | R_Block | Ideo | BigchainDB | One Kosmos
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* [Decentralized Identity Foundation Grows To 56 Members In Our First Year](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity/decentralized-identity-foundation-grows-to-56-members-in-our-first-year-3ec117e811d8)
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* [A Universal Resolver for self-sovereign identifiers](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity/a-universal-resolver-for-self-sovereign-identifiers-48e6b4a5cc3c) [[**^**](#DID-Auth)]**[[Uniresolver.io](https://uniresover.io)]**
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* [A Universal Resolver for self-sovereign identifiers](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity/a-universal-resolver-for-self-sovereign-identifiers-48e6b4a5cc3c) [[**>**](#DID-Auth)]
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* [Uniresolver.io](https://uniresover.io)
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## Resources
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@ -201,13 +204,13 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
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* [World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)](https://www.w3.org/) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/w3c)] [[**github**](https://github.com/w3c)]
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* [Credentials Community Group](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/)[[**blog**](https://w3c-ccg.github.io/)]
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* [World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)](https://www.w3.org/) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/w3c)] [[**G**](https://github.com/w3c)]
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* [Credentials Community Group](https://www.w3.org/community/credentials/)[[**B**](https://w3c-ccg.github.io/)]
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* [Verifiable Claims Working Group](https://www.w3.org/2017/vc/WG/) [[**Charter**](https://www.w3.org/2017/vc/charter.html)]
|
||||
* [Verifiable Claims Data Model 1.0](https://w3c.github.io/vc-data-model/) [[**github**](https://github.com/w3c/vc-data-model)] [[**Use Cases**](https://w3c.github.io/vc-use-cases/)]
|
||||
* [Verifiable Claims Data Model 1.0](https://w3c.github.io/vc-data-model/) [[**G**](https://github.com/w3c/vc-data-model)] [[**Use Cases**](https://w3c.github.io/vc-use-cases/)]
|
||||
* [JSON-LD 1.0, W3C Recommendation](https://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/)
|
||||
* [opencreds.org — Identity Credentials 1.0](https://opencreds.org/specs/source/identity-credentials/)
|
||||
* [DIGITAL VERIFICATION COMMUNITY GROUP](https://www.w3.org/community/digital-verification/)[[**github**](https://sea-region.github.com/w3c-dvcg)]
|
||||
* [DIGITAL VERIFICATION COMMUNITY GROUP](https://www.w3.org/community/digital-verification/)[[**G**](https://sea-region.github.com/w3c-dvcg)]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -236,13 +239,13 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
* [DID Auth and the Little I-am-Me](https://medium.com/@markus.sabadello/did-auth-and-the-little-i-am-me-ec14d757ff09)
|
||||
* [Introduction to DID Auth](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/rebooting-the-web-of-trust-spring2018/blob/master/final-documents/did-auth.md)
|
||||
—[[Markus Sabadello – Webinar 10](http://ssimeetup.org/introduction-did-auth-markus-sabadello-webinar-10/)]
|
||||
* [A Universal Resolver for self-sovereign identifiers](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity/a-universal-resolver-for-self-sovereign-identifiers-48e6b4a5cc3c) [[**github**](https://github.com/decentralized-identity/universal-resolver)] [**[uniresolver.io](https://uniresolver.io/)**]
|
||||
* [A Universal Resolver for self-sovereign identifiers](https://medium.com/decentralized-identity/a-universal-resolver-for-self-sovereign-identifiers-48e6b4a5cc3c) [[**G**](https://github.com/decentralized-identity/universal-resolver)] [**[uniresolver.io](https://uniresolver.io/)**]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Evernym[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
||||
* [Evernym](https://www.evernym.com/) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/evernym)] [[**github**](https://github.com/evernym/sovrin)] Founded in 2013
|
||||
* [Evernym](https://www.evernym.com/) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/evernym)] [[**G**](https://github.com/evernym/sovrin)] Founded in 2013
|
||||
* [Identity System Essentials](https://www.evernym.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Identity-System-Essentials.pdf) (Original Evernym Identity WP submitted to ID2020\RWoT) 3/2016
|
||||
* [The Three Models of Digital Identity Relationships — How self-sovereign identity (SSI) is different, and why it’s better](https://medium.com/evernym/the-three-models-of-digital-identity-relationships-ca0727cb5186)
|
||||
* [Is Self-Sovereign Identity the ultimate GDPR compliance tool? [1\3]](https://medium.com/evernym/is-self-sovereign-identity-ssi-the-ultimate-gdpr-compliance-tool-9d8110752f89) [[**2**](https://medium.com/evernym/is-self-sovereign-identity-ssi-the-ultimate-gdpr-compliance-tool-40db94c1c437)] [[**3**](https://medium.com/evernym/is-self-sovereign-identity-ssi-the-ultimate-gdpr-compliance-tool-7296a3b07769)]
|
||||
|
|
@ -252,7 +255,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
|
||||
### The Sovrin Foundation[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
||||
* [[**Forum**](https://forum.sovrin.org/)] [[**Chat**](https://chat.sovrin.org/)] [[**Twitter**](https://twitter.com/SovrinID)] [[**Github**](https://github.com/sovrin-foundation/sovrin)]
|
||||
* [[**Forum**](https://forum.sovrin.org/)] [[**Chat**](https://chat.sovrin.org/)] [[**T**](https://twitter.com/SovrinID)] [[**G**](https://github.com/sovrin-foundation/sovrin)]
|
||||
* [Founded](http://www.windley.com/archives/2016/09/announcing_the_sovrin_foundation.shtml) in [September](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sovrin-foundation-launches-first-dedicated-self-sovereign-identity-network-300336702.html) 2016, The [Sovrin](https://sovrin.org/)
|
||||
Foundation is creating a public instance of the Hyperledger [Indy](#Hyperledger-Indy) code, initially developed by [Evernym](#Evernym)
|
||||
* [Sovrin Library](https://sovrin.org/library/)
|
||||
|
|
@ -279,7 +282,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* [Hyperledger Indy - *Distributed Ledger and Utility Library*](https://www.hyperledger.org/projects/hyperledger-indy) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/Hyperledger)] [[**wiki**](https://wiki.hyperledger.org/projects/indy/documentation)] [[**github**](https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-sdk)]
|
||||
* [Hyperledger Indy - *Distributed Ledger and Utility Library*](https://www.hyperledger.org/projects/hyperledger-indy) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/Hyperledger)] [[**wiki**](https://wiki.hyperledger.org/projects/indy/documentation)] [[**G**](https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-sdk)]
|
||||
* [Hyperledger Indy — the Future of Decentralized Identity](https://medium.com/axiom-tech/hyperledger-indy-the-future-of-decentralized-identity-9de5c2459e4e)
|
||||
* [indy.readthedocs.io](https://indy.readthedocs.io/) (under construction)
|
||||
* [Hyperledger Welcomes Project Indy](https://www.hyperledger.org/blog/2017/05/02/hyperledger-welcomes-project-indy) - ANN
|
||||
|
|
@ -293,7 +296,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
* [SecureKey Technologies to explore interoperability between Verified.Me and Hyperledger Indy](https://securekey.com/press-releases/hyperledger-indy/)
|
||||
* The Linux Foundation's [Blockchain for Business](https://www.edx.org/professional-certificate/linuxfoundationx-blockchain-for-business) edx course may be freely audited and has a section on Indy.
|
||||
* [Implementing Privacy by Design in Hyperledger Indy](https://www.infoq.com/news/2018/09/Hyperledger-Indy-Privacy)
|
||||
* [Verified Organization Network](https://vonx.io/) [[**github**](https://github.com/bcgov/von)] [[**^**](#Canada)]
|
||||
* [Verified Organization Network](https://vonx.io/) [[**G**](https://github.com/bcgov/von)] [[**>**](#Canada)]
|
||||
* "an initiative by the government of British Columbia to create a trusted network of organizational data. It allows organizations to claim credentials that are part of their own digital identity, using a component called [TheOrgBook](https://github.com/bcgov/theorgbook) that lists entities with their associated public verifiable claims."
|
||||
* [Demonstrating the Verifiable Organizations Network (VON)](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wNnXdQKUtWnx--xw3VQ9Fr2TDa0kUNIBSMmFGR4uoMg/edit#heading=h.kphtj2c176xb)
|
||||
* [/awesome-sovrin](https://github.com/infominer33/awesome-decentralized-id/tree/master/awesome-sovrin)
|
||||
|
|
@ -339,16 +342,16 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ethereum Identity Applications[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
* [uPort](https://www.uport.me/) [[**github**](https://github.com/uport-project/)] [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/uport_me)]
|
||||
* [uPort](https://www.uport.me/) [[**G**](https://github.com/uport-project/)] [[**T**](https://twitter.com/uport_me)]
|
||||
* [Ethereum studio ConsenSys launches digital IDs and assets secured on Ubuntu phones](http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/ethereum-studio-consensys-launches-internet-people-digital-ids-assets-secured-unbuntu-phones-1542620)
|
||||
* [Year in Review. What's to come in 2018](https://medium.com/uport/uport-year-in-review-whats-to-come-in-2018-15ccb9214439)
|
||||
* [Deloitte SmartID](http://www.deloitte.co.uk/smartid/) [[**github**](https://github.com/SmartIdentity/smartId-contracts)]
|
||||
* [Deloitte SmartID](http://www.deloitte.co.uk/smartid/) [[**G**](https://github.com/SmartIdentity/smartId-contracts)]
|
||||
* "Smart Identity uses the Ethereum blockchain to represent an identity using a smart contract, attributes can be added by the identity owner and are stored in hash form"
|
||||
* [Nuggets](http://www.nuggets.life/) [[**wp**](https://nuggets.life/images/Nuggets-White-Paper.pdf)]
|
||||
* "is a blockchain platform giving users a single biometric tool for login, payment and identity verification. It stores an individual's information in a "personal cloud" in "zero-knowledge blockchain storage".
|
||||
* [Jolocom](http://jolocom.com/)
|
||||
* a "SmartWallet" for everyone to own their personal digital identity, using [Social Linked Data](https://github.com/solid/solid-spec), WebID, and verifiable claims standards via Ethereum smart contracts.
|
||||
* [Democracy Earth Foundation](http://democracy.earth/) [[**github**](https://github.com/DemocracyEarth/paper)]
|
||||
* [Democracy Earth Foundation](http://democracy.earth/) [[**G**](https://github.com/DemocracyEarth/paper)]
|
||||
* developing *[Sovereign](http://sovereign.software/)*, a blockchain direct democracy tool using "vote" tokens to grant democratic participation rights to every human. A proof-of-individuality (POI) process based on peer-to-peer validation establishes that a self-sovereign identity is uniquely tied to a single person. The project introduces a number of interesting socio-technical concepts such as "Social Smart Contract", "Initial Rights Offering", and "Cryptographically Induced Equality". Cooperation is happening with other decentralized identity initiatives such as Blockstack and uPort.
|
||||
* [poa.network](https://poa.network/)[**[HBBFT](https://medium.com/poa-network/poa-network-how-honey-badger-bft-consensus-works-4b16c0f1ff94)**]
|
||||
POA Network is an Ethereum-based platform that offers an open-source framework for smart contracts. POA Network is a sidechain to Ethereum utilizing [Proof of Authority](https://blockonomi.com/proof-of-authority/)
|
||||
|
|
@ -362,7 +365,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
#### Canada [**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
* [White Paper: Canada’s Digital ID Future - A Federated Approach](https://www.cba.ca/embracing-digital-id-in-canada)
|
||||
* [BCGov Verifiable Organization Network – Impressive Client Demo](https://www.continuumloop.com/bcgov-verifiable-organization-network/)
|
||||
* [Verified Organization Network](https://vonx.io/) [[**github**](https://github.com/bcgov/von)]
|
||||
* [Verified Organization Network](https://vonx.io/) [[**G**](https://github.com/bcgov/von)]
|
||||
* "an initiative by the government of British Columbia to create a trusted network of organizational data. It allows organizations to claim credentials that are part of their own digital identity, using a component called [TheOrgBook](https://github.com/bcgov/theorgbook) that lists entities with their associated public verifiable claims."
|
||||
|
||||
#### Netherlands[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
|
@ -378,7 +381,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
#### Spain[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
* [Alastria](https://alastria.io/) [[**github**](https://github.com/alastria/alastria-identity)]
|
||||
* [Alastria](https://alastria.io/) [[**G**](https://github.com/alastria/alastria-identity)]
|
||||
* a non-profit consortium building a national blockchain ecosystem for Spain. The security and veracity of information will be ensured through the identification of natural and legal persons, while at the same time allowing citizens to have control over their personal information in a transparent way following the guidelines set by the European Union.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Switzerland[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
|
@ -390,17 +393,17 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
|
||||
### Blockchain ID Initiatives [**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
* [Danube Tech](http://danubetech.com/) — digital identity and personal data, including personal agents, semantic graphs, and blockchain [[**xdi**](https://xdi2.org)] [[**navigator**](https://github.com/projectdanube/xdi2)]
|
||||
* Founded by [Markus Sabadello (Peacekeeper)](http://mydata2016.org/speaker/markus-sabadello/) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/peacekeeper)] [[**github**](https://github.com/peacekeeper)] [[**blog**](https://medium.com/@markus.sabadello)]
|
||||
* Founded by [Markus Sabadello (Peacekeeper)](http://mydata2016.org/speaker/markus-sabadello/) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/peacekeeper)] [[**G**](https://github.com/peacekeeper)] [[**B**](https://medium.com/@markus.sabadello)]
|
||||
* [Identity at Coinbase: Welcoming the Distributed Systems team](https://blog.coinbase.com/identity-at-coinbase-welcoming-the-distributed-systems-team-d929dd64de2e) [[**wired**](https://www.wired.com/story/coinbase-distributed-systems-acquisition/)]
|
||||
* [Shocard](https://shocard.com/) — "Blockchain-Based Mobile Identity Platform"
|
||||
* [Authenteq](http://authenteq.com/) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/authenteq)] [[**github**](https://github.com/authenteq)]
|
||||
* [Authenteq](http://authenteq.com/) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/authenteq)] [[**G**](https://github.com/authenteq)]
|
||||
* enables users to create their own sovereign digital IDs which are stored encrypted on [BigChainDB](http://docs.bigchaindb.com)
|
||||
* [JLinc](https://www.jlinc.com/) — registers cryptographic public keys on the Stellar blockchain.
|
||||
> "The founders have been at the center of a community of developers working on “user-centric digital identity for almost two decades."
|
||||
* [Internet of People](https://iop.global/) — "an open, decentralized infrastructure consisting of device-to-device communication, blockchain tokens, profile servers, and other components." -Founded by [Fermat](http://www.fermat.org)
|
||||
* [Blockchain Helix](http://blockchain-helix.com)[[**ico**](https://ico.helix-orange.com/)][[**wp**](https://ico.helix-orange.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/HELIX-Orange_Whitepaper_v1.5.pdf)]
|
||||
* "Identity as a Service", "Data as a Service" and "Blockchain as a Service" The company offers to increase the speed of KYC/AML processes while hughly decreasing the cost
|
||||
* [Civic](https://www.civic.com/) launches: [identity.com](https://identity.com)[[**github**](https://github.com/identity-com/)][[**blog**](https://www.civic.com/blog/identity-com-first-open-source-update/)]
|
||||
* [Civic](https://www.civic.com/) launches: [identity.com](https://identity.com)[[**G**](https://github.com/identity-com/)][[**B**](https://www.civic.com/blog/identity-com-first-open-source-update/)]
|
||||
* [Mooti](https://mooti.co/) | [docs](https://docs.mooti.co/)
|
||||
* offers an "identity chain" technology that makes it possible to issue and revoke verified claims using elliptic curve cryptography (curve25519, secp256k1) and includes privay-enhancing features
|
||||
* [Spidchain](http://www.spidchain.com/) [[**wp**](https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B89WE3IIHmy1Z0ZSSWVmVEtaaG8/view)]
|
||||
|
|
@ -408,7 +411,7 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
* [Cicada](https://github.com/the-laughing-monkey/cicada-platform)
|
||||
* a Dapp platform built for a "direct democracy." envisions using iris scans to generate decentralized universal identifiers ("HUIDs") for every human on the planet, a method referred to as "biocryptics". "HUIDs" can have "sub-IDs" to support selective disclosure. PII can be stored in an "info wallet". Key parts of the system also include smart contracts, zero-knowledge proofs, mixnets, and more."
|
||||
* [Keyp](https://keyp.io/) —"Welcome to Europe’s fastest growing open digital identity ecosystem."
|
||||
* [I/O Digital Foundation](https://iodigital.io/) [**[whitepaper](https://simplebooklet.com/iocoinwhitepaper#page=0)**]
|
||||
* [I/O Digital Foundation](https://iodigital.io/) [**[**wp**](https://simplebooklet.com/iocoinwhitepaper#page=0)**]
|
||||
* "offers a Proof-of-Stake blockchain called Decentralised Input Output Name Server (DIONS). It will enable applications such as identity and alias registration, storage of legal documents, key exchange, and encrypted messaging."
|
||||
|
||||
### Humanitarian[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
|
@ -424,12 +427,12 @@ Evident from [whitepapers](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/ID2020DesignWorksho
|
|||
* [Blockcerts](https://www.blockcerts.org) — open standard for issuing and verifying blockchain-based official records; The project offers open-source libraries, tools, and mobile apps. MIT has [issued](https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/10/19/mit-introduces-digital-diplomas) digital certificates based on this standard.
|
||||
* [A Decentralized Approach to Blockcerts Credential Revocation](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/rebooting-the-web-of-trust-fall2017/blob/master/final-documents/blockcerts-revocation.md)
|
||||
* [Schema](https://schema.org) — a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet. Schema.org vocabulary can be used with many different encodings, including RDFa, Microdata and JSON-LD. These vocabularies cover entities, relationships between entities and actions, and can easily be extended through a well-documented extension model. Over 10 million sites use Schema.org to markup their web pages and email messages. Many applications from Google, Microsoft, Pinterest, Yandex and others already use these vocabularies to power rich, extensible experiences."
|
||||
* [ÆTERNITY](http://aeternity.com/) [[**github**](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol)]: using Schema's standards: "offers an identity architecture where every account has a unique ID number, and unique names can be registered and linked to arbitrary data such as addresses on the blockchain. Schema's are used for representing data about persons and organizations."
|
||||
* [ÆTERNITY](http://aeternity.com/) [[**G**](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol)]: using Schema's standards: "offers an identity architecture where every account has a unique ID number, and unique names can be registered and linked to arbitrary data such as addresses on the blockchain. Schema's are used for representing data about persons and organizations."
|
||||
* [DIDs the Decentralized Identifiers of the W3C^](#DID-the-Decentralized-Identifier)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Decentralized Public Key Infrastructure DPKI[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
* [Blockstack](https://blockstack.org/) — [[**github**](https://github.com/blockstack)][[**forum**](https://forum.blockstack.org/)][[**blog**](https://blockstack.org/blog)][[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/blockstack)]
|
||||
* [Blockstack](https://blockstack.org/) — [[**G**](https://github.com/blockstack)][[**forum**](https://forum.blockstack.org/)][[**B**](https://blockstack.org/blog)][[**T**](https://twitter.com/blockstack)]
|
||||
* a network of computers that collectively maintain a global registry of domain names, public keys, and cryptographic hashes. With this registry, Blockstack serves as a decentralized domain name system (DNS) and a decentralized public key infrastructure (PKI).
|
||||
* [Onename](https://onename.com/) — "a product built on Blockstack that allows people to register identities"
|
||||
* [Decentralized Public Key Infrastructure](https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/rebooting-the-web-of-trust/blob/master/final-documents/dpki.pdf)
|
||||
|
|
@ -445,7 +448,7 @@ Blockchain](https://isrdc.iitb.ac.in/blockchain/workshops/2017-iitb/papers/paper
|
|||
|
||||
### Personal Data: Wallets, Marketplaces, etc.[**^**](#Contents)
|
||||
|
||||
* [Mydata](http://mydata.org/) [[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/mydataorg)] [[**papers**](https://mydata.org/papers/)] [[**declaration**](https://mydata.org/declaration/)]
|
||||
* [Mydata](http://mydata.org/) [[**T**](https://twitter.com/mydataorg)] [[**papers**](https://mydata.org/papers/)] [[**declaration**](https://mydata.org/declaration/)]
|
||||
* goal: to empower individuals with their personal data, thus helping them and their communities develop knowledge, make informed decisions, and interact more consciously and efficiently with each other as well as with organisations."
|
||||
* [Consent](http://www.consent.global/)[[**12**](https://sovrin.org/steward/global-consent/)] — "platform for trusted personal data applications and services, using Ethereum smart contracts to implement decentralized identifiers, verified credentials, consent receipts, a web of trust, and exchange of assets and value."
|
||||
* [Pillar Project](http://pillarproject.io) [[**wp**](https://pillarproject.io/documents/Pillar-Gray-Paper.pdf)]
|
||||
|
|
@ -453,7 +456,7 @@ Blockchain](https://isrdc.iitb.ac.in/blockchain/workshops/2017-iitb/papers/paper
|
|||
* [Aversafe](https://www.aversafe.com/) —"allows individuals to store personal details, work history, certificates and achievements. It leverages a permissioned blockchain for trusted audit and participation in the storage of attestation data separate from the actual data stored"
|
||||
* [Datum](https://datum.org) [[**wp**](https://datum.org/assets/Datum-WhitePaper.pdf)]
|
||||
* "network allows anyone to store structured data on a smart contract blockchain. Data can optionally be bought and sold on a marketplace using the DAT token. Datum leverages BigchainDB and IPFS as data storage backends. All data is encrypted and protected using AES256-GCM.
|
||||
* [ONTology](https://ont.io/) [[**github**](https://github.com/ontio/ontology-DID)]— "a "Distributed Trust Network" which combines a cross-chain identity system, peer-to-peer data transmission, data authorization mechanisms, distributed data storage, attestation, and various industry-specific modules. It also includes an Ontology Crypto Package (OCP) and an Ontology Marketplace (OM)."
|
||||
* [ONTology](https://ont.io/) [[**G**](https://github.com/ontio/ontology-DID)]— "a "Distributed Trust Network" which combines a cross-chain identity system, peer-to-peer data transmission, data authorization mechanisms, distributed data storage, attestation, and various industry-specific modules. It also includes an Ontology Crypto Package (OCP) and an Ontology Marketplace (OM)."
|
||||
* [We can do better than selling our data](http://blogs.harvard.edu/doc/2018/09/18/data/)-Doc Searls(*IIW*)
|
||||
* [Pro-civis](https://procivis.ch) — "e-government as a service" platform called "eID+". It enables citizens to get an official, electronic Citizen-ID on a mobile app.
|
||||
* The platform includes the [Vetri](https://vetri.global/) wallet and marketplace. 'Earn extra income and rewards by joining the data economy.'"
|
||||
|
|
@ -491,7 +494,7 @@ Blockchain](https://isrdc.iitb.ac.in/blockchain/workshops/2017-iitb/papers/paper
|
|||
|
||||
### Assorted Thoughts
|
||||
* [Decentralized Identity Trilemma](http://maciek.blog/decentralized-identity-trilemma/)
|
||||
>There seems to exist a trilemma in decentralized identity analogous to @Zooko's triangle. None of the existing solutions are at the same time: 1) privacy-preserving, 2) Sybil-resistant 3) self-sovereign -[[**twitter**](https://twitter.com/MaciekLaskus/status/1031859093072424960)]
|
||||
>There seems to exist a trilemma in decentralized identity analogous to @Zooko's triangle. None of the existing solutions are at the same time: 1) privacy-preserving, 2) Sybil-resistant 3) self-sovereign -[[**T**](https://twitter.com/MaciekLaskus/status/1031859093072424960)]
|
||||
* [Maciek Laskus | BLOCKWALKS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAgJpQfQXxs) (video)
|
||||
* "[I designed](https://twitter.com/MaciekLaskus/status/1066780557906976768) an algorithm that mapped out people working on identity using Twitter data:" [Identity list](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hBBVA0-jqmRRZ_JFQ8HEck9tFub7crsqRzlBZWf01xg/edit?usp=sharing)
|
||||
* [Proof of Thought (PoT)](https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=4459113.0)
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user