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_posts/application/2023-06-16-covid-coronavirus.md
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permalink: application/covid-19/
canonical_url: 'https://decentralized-id.com/application/covid-19/'
categories: ["History","Application"]
tags: ["Covid","LFPH","CCI","SITA","WHO","Good Health Pass","Excelsior Pass Pluss","Digi.me","EU Digital Green","Real World"]
last_modified_at: 2023-06-16
tags: ["Vaccine Credentials","LFPH","CCI","SITA","WHO","Good Health Pass","Excelsior Pass Pluss","Digi.me","EU Digital Green","Real World"]
last_modified_at: 2023-06-18
---
## Explainer
@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-16
> The MOSIP project, which got going in March 2018, is nested in Bangalore’s International Institute of Information Technology (IIIT-B) and endowed with funding of $16m from the Omidyar Network, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Tata Trusts.
* [Digital Health Passports for COVID-19 - Data Privacy and Human Rights Law](https://socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/collegeofsocialsciencesandinternationalstudies/lawimages/research/Policy_brief_-_Digital_Health_Passports_COVID-19_-_Beduschi.pdf) 2020-11-06
> This is a study of Digital Health Passports relating the benefits in managing the pandemic, while also detailing concerns around data protection and the private information at risk of being over-exposed.
* [COVID-19 Immunity Credentials and Contact Tracing Solutions Report](https://identityreview.com/covid-19-immunity-credentials-contact-tracing-solutions-report/) 2020-08-02 Identity Review
> Immunity credentials can allow those who are not COVID-positive to return to daily in-person routines, travel or going back to work, providing evidence that they are low-risk of transmitting the COVID-19 virus. This could be accomplished through a national digital identification system that monitors and tracks the health status of its citizens. The details of how digital immunity credentials would be implemented are still up in the air, but may include important features such as the ability to share results remotely, interoperability across systems, proof of authenticity and the potential for individuals to have full ownership over their health data.
* [How COVID-19 is driving innovation in digital identity](https://www.turing.ac.uk/blog/how-covid-19-driving-innovation-digital-identity) 2020-07-27 Turing Institute
> Contact tracing is inherently privacy-invasive to individuals as it is fundamentally a mechanism for sharing details of the interactions they have with others. In response, many researchers have turned their attention to developing secure and privacy-preserving solutions. Large inter-institutional projects such as DP-3T (Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing), PEPP-PT (Pan-European Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing) and the Apple-Google partnership have developed protocols, systems and mobile apps that have already informed contact tracing deployments internationally.
* [Immunity passports' could speed up return to work after Covid-19](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/30/immunity-passports-could-speed-up-return-to-work-after-covid-19) 2020-03-30
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> fixes the pain points of other testing processes – especially as infectious and asymptomatic people can test without travelling – is cheap, eminently scalable, and can be used as secure proof of Covid health status where needed.
## Literature
* [Leveraging Self-Sovereign Identity, Blockchain, and Zero-Knowledge Proof to Build a Privacy-Preserving Vaccination Pass](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2202.09207.pdf) 2022-02-18 Maurício Barrosa, Frederico Schardong, Ricardo Felipe Custódio
> This solution allows users to prove that they are vaccinated for different pathogens without revealing their identity. The architecture is loosely coupled, allowing components to be exchanged, which we discuss when we present the implementation of a working prototype.
* [Digital Identity in response to COVID-19: DGX Digital Identity Working Group](https://www.tech.gov.sg/files/media/corporate-publications/FY2021/dgx_2021_digital_identity_in_response_to_covid-19.pdf) 2022-01-24
> DIWG member countries each have relevant policies and/or legislation which cover their respective approaches towards digital identity, captured through policy, legislative and trust frameworks governing the digital identity systems. For most, trust frameworks and digital identity systems were implemented using existing government policies and legislation as a foundation, for example existing privacy legislation, and broadly align to ISO standards (as defined by the International Organisation for Standardisation), European Union (EU) standards (as defined through the eIDAS regulation) or industry best practice. A similar model was found for technical settings across digital identity systems
* [Blockchain Identity Management Market by End-user, Application, and Geography - Forecast and Analysis 2021-2025](https://www.technavio.com/report/blockchain-identity-management-market-industry-analysis) 2021-07
@ -170,89 +174,6 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-06-16
>
> It describes why DIDs and blockchains are not needed in order to build Self Sovereign Identity Systems.
## LFPH
* [Understanding the Global COVID Certificate Landscape](https://www.lfph.io/2021/10/13/divoc/) 2021-10-13 DIVOC
> The DIVOC project is hosted and maintained by [India’s eGov Foundation](https://egov.org.in/) and is available as an MIT-licensed open source software package DIVOC is also supported by various multilateral funding institutions, as well as a community of software contributors and adopters in various geographies. DIVOC’s verifiable COVID credentials have also been tested for interoperability with several consumer-health and locker applications globally; and DIVOC’s certificates from the adopter countries can now be scanned/read/ingested by these domestic and international applications.
* [Linux Foundation Public Health creates the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN)](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/linux-foundation-public-health-creates-the-global-covid-certificate-network-gccn-301307874.html) 2021-06-08 PRNewsWire
> Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH) today announces the launch of the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN) to facilitate the safe and free movement of individuals globally during the COVID pandemic. GCCN will establish a global trust registry network that enables interoperable and trustworthy exchanges of COVID certificates among countries for safe reopening and provide related technology and guidance for implementation. The effort is initially supported by Affinidi, AOKPass, Blockchain Labs, Evernym, IBM, Indicio.Tech, LACChain, Lumedic, Proof Market and ThoughtWorks, who have implemented COVID certificate or pass systems for governments and industries. LFPH will work with them to define and implement GCCN.
* [Introducing the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN)](https://www.lfph.io/2021/06/08/gccn/) 2021-06-08 LFPH
> As more and more governments adopt [major COVID certificate standards](https://www.lfph.io/2021/10/12/global-covid-certificate-landscape/) to reopen borders, the travel industry is working hard to catch up on their technology to meet the evolving travel requirements. However, there is still no shortage of complaints from travelers about their cumbersome international travel experiences
- [ProofMarket/Medcreds Submission to LFPH](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hlR_2yp7EJQqYvxm8mNY-KNgwScTsClKDp6W6yw33Ic/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03-04
> MedCreds is a reference implementation of the Governance Framework and Use-Cases that have been developed in the CCI community.
>
> MedCreds is built on top of INDY and ARIES and is running on the SOVRIN Main Net. This is done through Trinsic (a third-party vendor)’s APIs. Trinsic agreed to document how to do this using the API’s on ARIES and devote an engineer to give instructions for how to use the open source code to run MedCreds.
>
> MedCreds can be extended to support new credential schemas.
- [Indicio Submission to LFPH](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Vl9IKRg6ygHD1njc8GfnjsQglDOVglBKbuXHSuqQ7T4/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
> Indicio’s Cardea ecosystem easily integrates with existing applications, allowing people, businesses, healthcare systems, and governments to work together to safely reopen physical locations such as offices, restaurants, venues, schools, and travel, while complying with global health and data privacy laws. The ecosystem frees businesses, organizations, and governments from having to store and manage people’s private medical information. Instead, decentralized identity enables the individual to independently acquire and control their data and securely share or selectively disclose it at their discretion with full consent.
* [LFPH Calls for Coordination of Digital Vaccination Records Using Open Standards](https://www.lfph.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/LFPH-Calls-for-Coordination-of-Digital-Vaccination-Records-Using-Open-Standards.pdf) 2021-02 LFPH
> The CCI community collaborated with Linux Foundation Public Health to write a letter to the Biden Administration about how Verifiable Credentials could be used to support re-opening the economy.
>
> "Some states and other countries have started to pilot this approach, as have various industries like film and aviation. But, the inconsistent use of standards and varying implementations have already led to confusion and public concern. An effort coordinated at the federal level would lead most quickly to uniform adoption and true inter-state and cross-domain interoperability."
### Good Health Pass
* [Implementing the Good Health Pass’s recommendations with Cardea](https://indicio.tech/blog/implementing-the-good-health-passs-recommendations-with-cardea/) 2021-10-14 Indicio
> Cardea, a full, open-source ecosystem for verifiable health credentials developed by Indicio and now a community-led project at LFPH, meets the major recommendations of the Good Health Pass and facilitates the goals of the Global COVID Certificate Network.
>
> Good Health Pass Blueprint and the Global Covid Credentials Initiative by LFPH presented at the [DIF Interop Working Group](https://us02web.zoom.us/rec/play/Si6s-_rvMU7FuHW6QnJVxW47CFiotXDMWutkWMgePKdSWVhTYyADaldJhvzqOl1JPP297-lvSYXCDuk2.rMFee21Ba1fU6y2R?continueMode=true&_x_zm_rtaid=dQ0WNpJPS2WF1QUlmxYwBQ.1624241159436.7617ddee4319249d32a108bb882dc0ec&_x_zm_rhtaid=623)
* [Linux Foundation Public Health introduces the Global COVID Certificate Network to operationalize the Good Health Pass Interoperability Blueprint](https://humancolossus.foundation/blog/ujalo98s00b93gh7gqkuqd3lfj52xq-cn2ct) 2021-06-10 Human Colossus Foundation
> Paul Knowles, Head of the Advisory Council at the Human Colossus Foundation, co-led the Standard Data Models and Elements drafting group, one of the nine interconnected GHPC drafting groups, to spearhead group recommendations on data elements, common models for data exchange, and semantic harmonization. The recommendations of that drafting group will help to enable data interoperability without putting any undue burden on existing health systems and workflows
* [Good Health Pass Collaborative Releases Draft Blueprint for Digital Health Passes in Advance of G7 Summit](https://id2020.medium.com/good-health-pass-collaborative-releases-draft-blueprint-for-digital-health-passes-in-advance-of-g7-68a48534f024) 2021-06-08 ID2020
> The Blueprint — released today in draft form for a three-week period of stakeholder consultations and public comment — is intended to stimulate discussion at the G7 Summit, which will open Friday in Carbis Bay, Cornwall, UK.
>
> For a high level view, check out the [terminology deck](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1fM-EpIdLGdKniFjHR4ZhdgFA-HBSEmpMai8ljqti4Gw/edit) or the [slide deck](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1AibzpUh70UDJVapC2wlICz2voBAMxZLQ_jQOxZwF57Y/edit) that was shared on webinars with the travel industry.
* [Dynamic Disambiguation and Deconfliction of Complex Access Controls from Multiple Verifiable Sources](https://iiw.idcommons.net/1F/_Dynamic_Disambiguation_and_Deconfliction_of_Complex_Access_Controls_from_Multiple_Verifiable_Sources) 2021-05-06 Chris Buchanan
> COVID-19, Good Health Pass Collaborative, Rules Engines, Verifiable Presentation Requests
>
> The transition from contemporary access controls to SSI will need a metalanguage for access control rules in order to allow verifiers and holders to trust the transaction.  Not everyone will know how to write the complex branching and contextual rules logic that make up real life access controls.
* [ToIP Foundation Hosts the Interoperability Working Group for Good Health Pass](https://trustoverip.org/blog/2021/04/12/toip-foundation-hosts-the-interoperability-working-group-for-good-health-pass/) 2021-04-12 TOIP
> The nine drafting groups collaborating within the new Working Group are:
> 1. [Paper Based Credentials](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Paper+Based+Credentials+Drafting+Group) will define how a paper-based alternative can be created for any digital health pass so access will be available to all.
> 2. [Consistent User Experience](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Consistent+User+Experience+Drafting+Group) will specify the common elements required so that individuals can easily, intuitively, and safely use digital health pass implementations.
> 3. [Standard Data Models and Elements](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Standard+Data+Models+and+Elements+Drafting+Group) will determine the core data items needed across all digital health pass implementations for both COVID-19 testing and vaccinations.
> 4. [Credential Formats, Signatures, and Exchange Protocols](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Credential+Formats%2C+Signatures%2C+and+Exchange+Protocols+Drafting+Group) will specify the requirements for technical interoperability of Good Health Pass implementations.
> 5. [Security, Privacy, and Data Protection](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Security%2C+Privacy%2C+and+Data+Protection+Drafting+Group) will define the safety requirements for Good Health Pass compliant implementations.
> 6. [Trust Registries](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Trust+Registries+Drafting+Group) will specify how verifiers can confirm that a digital health pass has been issued by an authorized issuer.
> 7. [Rules Engines](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Rules+Engines+Drafting+Group) will define how digital health pass apps can access different sources of policy information to determine what test or vaccination status is needed for a specific usage scenario.
> 8. [Identity Binding](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Identity+Binding+Drafting+Group) will specify the options for verifying that the holder of a digital health pass is the individual who received the test or vaccination credential.
> 9. [Governance Framework](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Governance+Framework+Drafting+Group) will define the overall set of policies that must be followed for an implementation to qualify as Good Health Pass compliant.
### CCI
* [COVID Credentials Initiative Update/Overview](https://iiw.idcommons.net/1C/_COVID_Credentials_Initiative_Update/Overview) 2021-05-06 [presentation](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/11K027LlitWljJu_XNTztqc6BGvhsD8JBX5OkavLEEMA/) Lucy Yang, Kaliya Young, John Walker
> CCI is an open global community collaborating to enable the use of W3C Verifiable Credentials (VCs) and other related privacy-preserving technologies for public health purposes.
>
> CCI is hosted by Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH), a project of the Linux Foundation that works with public health authorities and their key stakeholders to ensure that investments into public health technology meet common needs and have maximum impact.
* [CCI: Challenges and Learning](https://iiw.idcommons.net/10C/_COVID_Credentials_Initiative:_Challenges_%26_Learning) 2021-05-06 [presentation](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/11K027LlitWljJu_XNTztqc6BGvhsD8JBX5OkavLEEMA/edit?usp=sharing)
> Solution assumption with the Good Health Pass is revoking is not necessary as VCs are short lived (solution to invalid credential). Issuers will re-issue vs. revoke
>
> In many cases, labs are providing incorrect information in vaccination records, which need to be re-issued
> - Still need to notify the holder that their (current VC) is invalid and they need to take action to resolve
> - Issuers asking what if we make a mistake – (re-issue)
> - Holders having problems findin there vaccination VC
> - Many of the unresolved issues are governance/policy related (for which the “health authorities”) have not worked out the details
> - Policy providers are applying the brakes through in-grained bureaucracy to produce a perfect standard for their jurisdiction vs. rapidly evolving a common standard and “usable solution” in the short term.
> - Unclear on how to get VC and underlying data into the hands of holders, particularly as holders don’t have the technology and skills to manage their health data.
> - Data privacy is an issue across each of the implementers and users of the Issuer, Holder and Verifier roles. Lack of common understanding and agreement on how and who owns and controls the data
> - WHO standard will likely be adopted in the Global South (hemisphere)
> - GHP looking to paint a forward looking common picture, including interim solutions (iterate standards)
> - The number of players (and their levels of understanding/expertise and agreement with the current direction) alone makes consensus very difficult
> - Paper credentials have been getting consensus on interim solutions.
> - W3C and WHO are great candidates.
> - Affinidi is making a universal verifier application (https://www.affinidi.com/)
* [From Closed Loop Systems to Open World COVID Credentials Exchange](https://www.lfph.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/CCI-Summit-Summary-Report-From-Closed-to-Open.pdf) 2021-04 CCI Report
> This summit, convened by CCI, was designed to beginarticulating a roadmap to get from closed loop systems to an open systemwhere it doesn’t matter if issuers, holders and verifiers are using the tool provided by the same solution provider as long as all solution providers are building on a certain common ground.The discussion focused on domestic reopening use cases using the US as the context.
* [CCI Knowledge Base](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1z0MaGrb-Py7V3ZO4AnmYMHsXNgTmLhVocyaX7ySQ5mI/edit#gid=1671625933) 2021-03-01
> As our community continues to grow and the pandemic situation keeps evoloving, this CCI Knowledge Base serves as a repository of ongoing COVID-19-related news, topics, researches and resources which are deem relevant to our community and digital identity technology. It aims to provide an up-to-date database for our CCI members to access relevant information quickly in one place whenever they need it, e.g. doing market research, developing their projects or simply keeping themseleves updated on the news.
>
> If you'd like to submit relevant news or articles for the database, please go to [https://bit.ly/2JfKbpf.](https://bit.ly/2JfKbpf.)
- [Response to WHO Interim Guidance for Development a Smart Vaccination Certificate](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1HwWUxMY2EynkWFrlNQqh8IF7rE_5aFn74ZreYq0IAYg/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
- [Response to Call for Evidence: UK Parliament Covid 19 Vaccine Certification](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1y5vyLzsVUzhiFNcWHGHLVlQHnRad73q3F50a-8gr83Y/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
> The Government has announced a review into introducing a Covid vaccine certificate system or “vaccine passports. The Committee has launched an inquiry to consider potential ethical, legal and operational issues and the efficacy and appropriateness of a certificate system.
- [Response to Ada Lovelace Institute: Vaccine passports and COVID status apps: Call for Public Evidence](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ykUUDak47lYkUJeZvxs7FxDyy8bQ48FkF47IxMclppE/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-02-27 CCI Lucy Yang, Kaliya Young
> Before responding to the questions, we want to point out that the use of the term “COVID-19 passports” is questionable as the word ‘passport’ is used for the identity and travel document issued by nation states to their citizens. Another reason to question the use of ‘passport’ is the fact that our passport data is stored or centralized by the nation state issuer. Centralized systems are notorious and can be a source of potential data breaches and abuses.
## Application
* [Governor Cuomo Announces Launch of Excelsior Pass Plus to Support the Safe, Secure Return of Tourism and Business Travel](https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-launch-excelsior-pass-plus-support-safe-secure-return-tourism-and) 2021-08-05 NYS Gov
> Excelsior Pass Plus, a result of the strategic partnership between New York State and VCI, will provide New Yorkers safe access to retrieve a secure, digital copy of their COVID-19 vaccination record using the [SMART Health Cards Framework](https://protect2.fireeye.com/v1/url?k=c0acc09b-9f37f85c-c0ae39ae-000babd9f75c-7271080d81ab95a1&q=1&e=61cb6a92-1e48-44b8-96be-e1dd24b53960&u=https%3A//vci.org/about#smart-health) - making their interstate and international travel and commerce experiences safer, contact-less, and more seamless.

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---
date: 2021-04-17
title: Covid Credentials Initiative
description: To build, secure, and sustain open-source software to help combat COVID-19 and future epidemics.
excerpt: The COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) is an open global community looking to deploy and/or help deploy privacy-preserving verifiable credential projects in order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and strengthen our societies and economies.
layout: single
toc: FALSE
permalink: organizations/covid-credentials-initiative/
canonical_url: 'https://decentralized-id.com/organizations/covid-credentials-initiative/'
categories: ["History","Organizations"]
tags: ["Linux Foundation","Linux Foundation Public Health","MedCreds","Evernym","ID2020","uPort","Dutch Research","TNO","Microsoft","Consensys Health","Luxoft"]
last_modified_at: 2021-04-17
header:
image: /images/covid-credentials-initiative.webp
teaser: /images/cci-covid-creds.webp
---
> COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) is a part of Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH), an initiative by Linux Foundation to build, secure, and sustain open-source software to help public health authorities (PHAs) combat COVID-19 and future epidemics. After initial success with deploying exposure notification apps, LFPH started to host CCI in December 2020 to advance the use of Verifiable Credentials (VCs) and data and technical interoperability of VCs in the public health realm, starting with vaccine credentials.
[Website](https://www.covidcreds.com/) • [Blog](https://medium.com/@cci.2020) • [Twitter](https://twitter.com/CCI_CovidCreds) • [Linkedin](https://www.linkedin.com/company/covidcreds/) • [Forum](https://covidcreds.groups.io/)
* [CCI Knowledge Base](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1z0MaGrb-Py7V3ZO4AnmYMHsXNgTmLhVocyaX7ySQ5mI/edit#gid=1671625933)
> The COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) is a global community of more than 300 individuals from over 100 organizations (and counting) looking to deploy and/or help to deploy privacy-preserving verifiable credential projects in order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and strengthen our societies and economies.
* [60 strong Self Sovereign Identity group targets COVID-19 immunity passports, credentials](https://www.ledgerinsights.com/sovereign-identity-covid-19-immunity-passports-credentials/)
> The COVID Credentials initiative (CCI) has launched to use digital identity to address the spread of COVID-19. The aim is to develop “immunity passports” and much more. The group includes individuals who are part of Evernym, ID2020, uPort, Dutch research organization TNO, Microsoft, ConsenSys Health and consultants Luxoft. So far, at least 69 have signed up.
* [COVID-19 Immunity Credentials and Contact Tracing Solutions Report](https://identityreview.com/covid-19-immunity-credentials-contact-tracing-solutions-report/) Identity Review
> Immunity credentials can allow those who are not COVID-positive to return to daily in-person routines, travel or going back to work, providing evidence that they are low-risk of transmitting the COVID-19 virus. This could be accomplished through a national digital identification system that monitors and tracks the health status of its citizens. The details of how digital immunity credentials would be implemented are still up in the air, but may include important features such as the ability to share results remotely, interoperability across systems, proof of authenticity and the potential for individuals to have full ownership over their health data.
* [CCI GF Task Force](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/CCI+GF+Task+Force)
> This page describes the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative Governance Framework Task Force (the "CCI GF TF"). It was created by Sankarshan Mukhopadhyay and Chris Raczkowski.
* [Medcreds Conforms to the CCI Governance Framework](https://medium.com/@medcreds/medcreds-conforms-to-the-cci-governance-framework-eb13256a7f31)
> One of the important efforts by the CCI has been completed by the [Rules and Governance Workstream](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1L7V2mXWUO5fjiwJODyq_wMvkL9EDSf3m7emLxLpvzTk/edit#). This workstream is in charge of defining the rules of how VC technology is to be used, as well as the algorithmic and human trust mechanisms to ensure sensitive personal data remains secure, private, and tamper-proof.
* [Zerion Joins Covid Credentials Initiative](https://www.zerionsoftware.com/big-data/covid-credentials)
> As such, Zerion Software is proud to announce our participation in the Covid Credentials Initiative. This global, cross-sector community of organizations committing to finding ways to use digital identities as a way to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 while rebooting public trust.
## CCI Blog
* [Hello World from the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative](https://cci-2020.medium.com/hello-world-from-the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-6d45534c4b3a)
> The COVID-19 pandemic has, in a few months’ time, taken the lives of almost half a million people worldwide and brought economies into lockdown globally. While many are struggling with the effects of social distancing, financial distress, or fear of contracting the virus, here at the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI), nearly 300 individuals from 100 organizations have united around a cause worthy of our collective efforts: supporting projects that deploy privacy-preserving Verifiable Credentials (VCs) to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and strengthen our societies and economies.
* [Bringing emerging privacy-preserving technology to a public health crisis](https://cci-2020.medium.com/the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-cci-b00c1d858ccb)
> We submitted this position statement to the “[Privacy & Pandemics Workshop: Responsible Uses of Technology and Health Data During Times of Crisis — An International Tech and Data Conference](https://cci-2020.medium.com/the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-cci-b00c1d858ccb)” by the Future of Privacy Forum. The aim is to, from two participants’ point of view, share an abbreviated case study of CCI and to highlight key challenges that arose in our efforts to responsibly use new privacy-preserving technologies to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. We wanted to share our submission with the CCI community and the public in the hope to invite some further discussions.
* [Carrying Your COVID-19 Credentials in a Physical “Wallet”](https://cci-2020.medium.com/carrying-your-covid-19-credentials-in-a-physical-wallet-cafe26bfbbe4)
> We are all painfully aware of the economic and social restrictions imparted on us as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to reopen offices, restaurants, local private and public facilities — and most importantly, international borders — will likely require a flexible, interoperable, and ubiquitous system that preserves individual agency and privacy. The COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) focuses its efforts on supporting technology projects that work to meet these requirements through the utilization of W3C compliant ‘Verifiable Credentials (VCs)’, a tamper-evident credential that has authorship that can be cryptographically verified.
* [CCI has joined Linux Foundation Public Health!](https://cci-2020.medium.com/cci-has-joined-linux-foundation-public-health-607e1af1b2b8)
> When the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) was formed in April 2020, we were a self-organizing group of companies and individuals, held together by a few mailing lists and working groups, to explore how Verifiable Credentials (VCs), an open standard and an emerging technology, could be used for the public health crisis unfolding with COVID-19. Recognizing our limits early on as an informal group, we quickly pivoted from developing a solution together to supporting each other to build for their local contexts. Over the course of nine months, we have seen over 20 projects present their work to the CCI community and developed an MVP governance framework that can be adapted to specific COVID-19 use cases.

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---
date: 2021-04-17
title: "Covid-19: LFPH - CCI and Good Health Pass"
description: Linux Foundation Public Health's response to the Covid-19 pandemic
excerpt: After initial success with deploying exposure notification apps, LFPH started to host CCI in December 2020 to advance the use of Verifiable Credentials (VCs) and data and technical interoperability of VCs in the public health realm, starting with vaccine credentials.
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canonical_url: 'https://decentralized-id.com/application/covid-19/lfph_cci_good-health-pass/'
categories: ["History","Application"]
tags: ["Linux Foundation","LFPH","MedCreds","Evernym","ID2020","uPort","Dutch Research","TNO","Microsoft","Consensys Health","Luxoft","CCI","SITA","WHO","Good Health Pass","Vaccine Credentials"]
last_modified_at: 2023-06-18
---
## Linux Foundation Public Health
* [Understanding the Global COVID Certificate Landscape](https://www.lfph.io/2021/10/13/divoc/) 2021-10-13 DIVOC
> The DIVOC project is hosted and maintained by [India’s eGov Foundation](https://egov.org.in/) and is available as an MIT-licensed open source software package DIVOC is also supported by various multilateral funding institutions, as well as a community of software contributors and adopters in various geographies. DIVOC’s verifiable COVID credentials have also been tested for interoperability with several consumer-health and locker applications globally; and DIVOC’s certificates from the adopter countries can now be scanned/read/ingested by these domestic and international applications.
* [Linux Foundation Public Health creates the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN)](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/linux-foundation-public-health-creates-the-global-covid-certificate-network-gccn-301307874.html) 2021-06-08 PRNewsWire
> Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH) today announces the launch of the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN) to facilitate the safe and free movement of individuals globally during the COVID pandemic. GCCN will establish a global trust registry network that enables interoperable and trustworthy exchanges of COVID certificates among countries for safe reopening and provide related technology and guidance for implementation. The effort is initially supported by Affinidi, AOKPass, Blockchain Labs, Evernym, IBM, Indicio.Tech, LACChain, Lumedic, Proof Market and ThoughtWorks, who have implemented COVID certificate or pass systems for governments and industries. LFPH will work with them to define and implement GCCN.
* [Introducing the Global COVID Certificate Network (GCCN)](https://www.lfph.io/2021/06/08/gccn/) 2021-06-08 LFPH
> As more and more governments adopt [major COVID certificate standards](https://www.lfph.io/2021/10/12/global-covid-certificate-landscape/) to reopen borders, the travel industry is working hard to catch up on their technology to meet the evolving travel requirements. However, there is still no shortage of complaints from travelers about their cumbersome international travel experiences
- [ProofMarket/Medcreds Submission to LFPH](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hlR_2yp7EJQqYvxm8mNY-KNgwScTsClKDp6W6yw33Ic/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03-04
> MedCreds is a reference implementation of the Governance Framework and Use-Cases that have been developed in the CCI community.
>
> MedCreds is built on top of INDY and ARIES and is running on the SOVRIN Main Net. This is done through Trinsic (a third-party vendor)’s APIs. Trinsic agreed to document how to do this using the API’s on ARIES and devote an engineer to give instructions for how to use the open source code to run MedCreds.
>
> MedCreds can be extended to support new credential schemas.
- [Indicio Submission to LFPH](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Vl9IKRg6ygHD1njc8GfnjsQglDOVglBKbuXHSuqQ7T4/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
> Indicio’s Cardea ecosystem easily integrates with existing applications, allowing people, businesses, healthcare systems, and governments to work together to safely reopen physical locations such as offices, restaurants, venues, schools, and travel, while complying with global health and data privacy laws. The ecosystem frees businesses, organizations, and governments from having to store and manage people’s private medical information. Instead, decentralized identity enables the individual to independently acquire and control their data and securely share or selectively disclose it at their discretion with full consent.
* [LFPH Calls for Coordination of Digital Vaccination Records Using Open Standards](https://www.lfph.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/LFPH-Calls-for-Coordination-of-Digital-Vaccination-Records-Using-Open-Standards.pdf) 2021-02 LFPH
> The CCI community collaborated with Linux Foundation Public Health to write a letter to the Biden Administration about how Verifiable Credentials could be used to support re-opening the economy.
>
> "Some states and other countries have started to pilot this approach, as have various industries like film and aviation. But, the inconsistent use of standards and varying implementations have already led to confusion and public concern. An effort coordinated at the federal level would lead most quickly to uniform adoption and true inter-state and cross-domain interoperability."
### Good Health Pass
* [Implementing the Good Health Pass’s recommendations with Cardea](https://indicio.tech/blog/implementing-the-good-health-passs-recommendations-with-cardea/) 2021-10-14 Indicio
> Cardea, a full, open-source ecosystem for verifiable health credentials developed by Indicio and now a community-led project at LFPH, meets the major recommendations of the Good Health Pass and facilitates the goals of the Global COVID Certificate Network.
>
> Good Health Pass Blueprint and the Global Covid Credentials Initiative by LFPH presented at the [DIF Interop Working Group](https://us02web.zoom.us/rec/play/Si6s-_rvMU7FuHW6QnJVxW47CFiotXDMWutkWMgePKdSWVhTYyADaldJhvzqOl1JPP297-lvSYXCDuk2.rMFee21Ba1fU6y2R?continueMode=true&_x_zm_rtaid=dQ0WNpJPS2WF1QUlmxYwBQ.1624241159436.7617ddee4319249d32a108bb882dc0ec&_x_zm_rhtaid=623)
* [Linux Foundation Public Health introduces the Global COVID Certificate Network to operationalize the Good Health Pass Interoperability Blueprint](https://humancolossus.foundation/blog/ujalo98s00b93gh7gqkuqd3lfj52xq-cn2ct) 2021-06-10 Human Colossus Foundation
> Paul Knowles, Head of the Advisory Council at the Human Colossus Foundation, co-led the Standard Data Models and Elements drafting group, one of the nine interconnected GHPC drafting groups, to spearhead group recommendations on data elements, common models for data exchange, and semantic harmonization. The recommendations of that drafting group will help to enable data interoperability without putting any undue burden on existing health systems and workflows
* [Good Health Pass Collaborative Releases Draft Blueprint for Digital Health Passes in Advance of G7 Summit](https://id2020.medium.com/good-health-pass-collaborative-releases-draft-blueprint-for-digital-health-passes-in-advance-of-g7-68a48534f024) 2021-06-08 ID2020
> The Blueprint — released today in draft form for a three-week period of stakeholder consultations and public comment — is intended to stimulate discussion at the G7 Summit, which will open Friday in Carbis Bay, Cornwall, UK.
>
> For a high level view, check out the [terminology deck](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1fM-EpIdLGdKniFjHR4ZhdgFA-HBSEmpMai8ljqti4Gw/edit) or the [slide deck](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1AibzpUh70UDJVapC2wlICz2voBAMxZLQ_jQOxZwF57Y/edit) that was shared on webinars with the travel industry.
* [Dynamic Disambiguation and Deconfliction of Complex Access Controls from Multiple Verifiable Sources](https://iiw.idcommons.net/1F/_Dynamic_Disambiguation_and_Deconfliction_of_Complex_Access_Controls_from_Multiple_Verifiable_Sources) 2021-05-06 Chris Buchanan
> COVID-19, Good Health Pass Collaborative, Rules Engines, Verifiable Presentation Requests
>
> The transition from contemporary access controls to SSI will need a metalanguage for access control rules in order to allow verifiers and holders to trust the transaction.  Not everyone will know how to write the complex branching and contextual rules logic that make up real life access controls.
* [ToIP Foundation Hosts the Interoperability Working Group for Good Health Pass](https://trustoverip.org/blog/2021/04/12/toip-foundation-hosts-the-interoperability-working-group-for-good-health-pass/) 2021-04-12 TOIP
> The nine drafting groups collaborating within the new Working Group are:
> 1. [Paper Based Credentials](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Paper+Based+Credentials+Drafting+Group) will define how a paper-based alternative can be created for any digital health pass so access will be available to all.
> 2. [Consistent User Experience](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Consistent+User+Experience+Drafting+Group) will specify the common elements required so that individuals can easily, intuitively, and safely use digital health pass implementations.
> 3. [Standard Data Models and Elements](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Standard+Data+Models+and+Elements+Drafting+Group) will determine the core data items needed across all digital health pass implementations for both COVID-19 testing and vaccinations.
> 4. [Credential Formats, Signatures, and Exchange Protocols](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Credential+Formats%2C+Signatures%2C+and+Exchange+Protocols+Drafting+Group) will specify the requirements for technical interoperability of Good Health Pass implementations.
> 5. [Security, Privacy, and Data Protection](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Security%2C+Privacy%2C+and+Data+Protection+Drafting+Group) will define the safety requirements for Good Health Pass compliant implementations.
> 6. [Trust Registries](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Trust+Registries+Drafting+Group) will specify how verifiers can confirm that a digital health pass has been issued by an authorized issuer.
> 7. [Rules Engines](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Rules+Engines+Drafting+Group) will define how digital health pass apps can access different sources of policy information to determine what test or vaccination status is needed for a specific usage scenario.
> 8. [Identity Binding](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Identity+Binding+Drafting+Group) will specify the options for verifying that the holder of a digital health pass is the individual who received the test or vaccination credential.
> 9. [Governance Framework](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/Governance+Framework+Drafting+Group) will define the overall set of policies that must be followed for an implementation to qualify as Good Health Pass compliant.
## Covid Credentials Initiative (CCI)
> COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) is a part of Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH), an initiative by Linux Foundation to build, secure, and sustain open-source software to help public health authorities (PHAs) combat COVID-19 and future epidemics. After initial success with deploying exposure notification apps, LFPH started to host CCI in December 2020 to advance the use of Verifiable Credentials (VCs) and data and technical interoperability of VCs in the public health realm, starting with vaccine credentials.
[Website](https://www.covidcreds.com/) • [Blog](https://medium.com/@cci.2020) • [Twitter](https://twitter.com/CCI_CovidCreds) • [Linkedin](https://www.linkedin.com/company/covidcreds/) • [Forum](https://covidcreds.groups.io/)
* [COVID Credentials Initiative Update/Overview](https://iiw.idcommons.net/1C/_COVID_Credentials_Initiative_Update/Overview) 2021-05-06 [presentation](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/11K027LlitWljJu_XNTztqc6BGvhsD8JBX5OkavLEEMA/) Lucy Yang, Kaliya Young, John Walker
> CCI is an open global community collaborating to enable the use of W3C Verifiable Credentials (VCs) and other related privacy-preserving technologies for public health purposes.
>
> CCI is hosted by Linux Foundation Public Health (LFPH), a project of the Linux Foundation that works with public health authorities and their key stakeholders to ensure that investments into public health technology meet common needs and have maximum impact.
* [CCI: Challenges and Learning](https://iiw.idcommons.net/10C/_COVID_Credentials_Initiative:_Challenges_%26_Learning) 2021-05-06 [presentation](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/11K027LlitWljJu_XNTztqc6BGvhsD8JBX5OkavLEEMA/edit?usp=sharing)
> Solution assumption with the Good Health Pass is revoking is not necessary as VCs are short lived (solution to invalid credential). Issuers will re-issue vs. revoke
>
> In many cases, labs are providing incorrect information in vaccination records, which need to be re-issued
> - Still need to notify the holder that their (current VC) is invalid and they need to take action to resolve
> - Issuers asking what if we make a mistake – (re-issue)
> - Holders having problems findin there vaccination VC
> - Many of the unresolved issues are governance/policy related (for which the “health authorities”) have not worked out the details
> - Policy providers are applying the brakes through in-grained bureaucracy to produce a perfect standard for their jurisdiction vs. rapidly evolving a common standard and “usable solution” in the short term.
> - Unclear on how to get VC and underlying data into the hands of holders, particularly as holders don’t have the technology and skills to manage their health data.
> - Data privacy is an issue across each of the implementers and users of the Issuer, Holder and Verifier roles. Lack of common understanding and agreement on how and who owns and controls the data
> - WHO standard will likely be adopted in the Global South (hemisphere)
> - GHP looking to paint a forward looking common picture, including interim solutions (iterate standards)
> - The number of players (and their levels of understanding/expertise and agreement with the current direction) alone makes consensus very difficult
> - Paper credentials have been getting consensus on interim solutions.
> - W3C and WHO are great candidates.
> - Affinidi is making a universal verifier application (https://www.affinidi.com/)
* [CCI has joined Linux Foundation Public Health!](https://cci-2020.medium.com/cci-has-joined-linux-foundation-public-health-607e1af1b2b8) 2021-01-13
> When the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) was formed in April 2020, we were a self-organizing group of companies and individuals, held together by a few mailing lists and working groups, to explore how Verifiable Credentials (VCs), an open standard and an emerging technology, could be used for the public health crisis unfolding with COVID-19. Recognizing our limits early on as an informal group, we quickly pivoted from developing a solution together to supporting each other to build for their local contexts. Over the course of nine months, we have seen over 20 projects present their work to the CCI community and developed an MVP governance framework that can be adapted to specific COVID-19 use cases.
* [CCI Knowledge Base](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1z0MaGrb-Py7V3ZO4AnmYMHsXNgTmLhVocyaX7ySQ5mI/edit#gid=1671625933) 2021-03-01
> As our community continues to grow and the pandemic situation keeps evoloving, this CCI Knowledge Base serves as a repository of ongoing COVID-19-related news, topics, researches and resources which are deem relevant to our community and digital identity technology. It aims to provide an up-to-date database for our CCI members to access relevant information quickly in one place whenever they need it, e.g. doing market research, developing their projects or simply keeping themseleves updated on the news.
>
> If you'd like to submit relevant news or articles for the database, please go to [https://bit.ly/2JfKbpf.](https://bit.ly/2JfKbpf.)
* [CCI GF Task Force](https://wiki.trustoverip.org/display/HOME/CCI+GF+Task+Force) 2020-11-24
> This page describes the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative Governance Framework Task Force (the "CCI GF TF"). It was created by Sankarshan Mukhopadhyay and Chris Raczkowski.
* [Hello World from the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative](https://cci-2020.medium.com/hello-world-from-the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-6d45534c4b3a) 2020-06-25 CCI 2020
> The COVID-19 pandemic has, in a few months’ time, taken the lives of almost half a million people worldwide and brought economies into lockdown globally. While many are struggling with the effects of social distancing, financial distress, or fear of contracting the virus, here at the COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI), nearly 300 individuals from 100 organizations have united around a cause worthy of our collective efforts: supporting projects that deploy privacy-preserving Verifiable Credentials (VCs) to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and strengthen our societies and economies.
### Ecosystem
* [Medcreds Conforms to the CCI Governance Framework](https://medium.com/@medcreds/medcreds-conforms-to-the-cci-governance-framework-eb13256a7f31) 2020-06-24 Medcreds
> One of the important efforts by the CCI has been completed by the [Rules and Governance Workstream](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1L7V2mXWUO5fjiwJODyq_wMvkL9EDSf3m7emLxLpvzTk/edit#). This workstream is in charge of defining the rules of how VC technology is to be used, as well as the algorithmic and human trust mechanisms to ensure sensitive personal data remains secure, private, and tamper-proof.
* [Zerion Joins Covid Credentials Initiative](https://www.zerionsoftware.com/big-data/covid-credentials) 2020-04-16 Zerion Software
> As such, Zerion Software is proud to announce our participation in the Covid Credentials Initiative. This global, cross-sector community of organizations committing to finding ways to use digital identities as a way to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 while rebooting public trust.
* [60 strong Self Sovereign Identity group targets COVID-19 immunity passports, credentials](https://www.ledgerinsights.com/sovereign-identity-covid-19-immunity-passports-credentials/) 2020-04-14 LedgerInsights
> The COVID Credentials initiative (CCI) has launched to use digital identity to address the spread of COVID-19. The aim is to develop “immunity passports” and much more. The group includes individuals who are part of Evernym, ID2020, uPort, Dutch research organization TNO, Microsoft, ConsenSys Health and consultants Luxoft. So far, at least 69 have signed up.
### Explainer
* [Carrying Your COVID-19 Credentials in a Physical “Wallet”](https://cci-2020.medium.com/carrying-your-covid-19-credentials-in-a-physical-wallet-cafe26bfbbe4) 2020-10-30 CCI
> We are all painfully aware of the economic and social restrictions imparted on us as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to reopen offices, restaurants, local private and public facilities — and most importantly, international borders — will likely require a flexible, interoperable, and ubiquitous system that preserves individual agency and privacy. The COVID-19 Credentials Initiative (CCI) focuses its efforts on supporting technology projects that work to meet these requirements through the utilization of W3C compliant ‘Verifiable Credentials (VCs)’, a tamper-evident credential that has authorship that can be cryptographically verified.
* [Bringing emerging privacy-preserving technology to a public health crisis](https://cci-2020.medium.com/the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-cci-b00c1d858ccb) 2020-10-02 CCI
> We submitted this position statement to the “[Privacy & Pandemics Workshop: Responsible Uses of Technology and Health Data During Times of Crisis — An International Tech and Data Conference](https://cci-2020.medium.com/the-covid-19-credentials-initiative-cci-b00c1d858ccb)” by the Future of Privacy Forum. The aim is to, from two participants’ point of view, share an abbreviated case study of CCI and to highlight key challenges that arose in our efforts to responsibly use new privacy-preserving technologies to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. We wanted to share our submission with the CCI community and the public in the hope to invite some further discussions.
### Guidance
* [From Closed Loop Systems to Open World COVID Credentials Exchange](https://www.lfph.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/CCI-Summit-Summary-Report-From-Closed-to-Open.pdf) 2021-04 CCI Report
> This summit, convened by CCI, was designed to beginarticulating a roadmap to get from closed loop systems to an open systemwhere it doesn’t matter if issuers, holders and verifiers are using the tool provided by the same solution provider as long as all solution providers are building on a certain common ground.The discussion focused on domestic reopening use cases using the US as the context.
- [Response to WHO Interim Guidance for Development a Smart Vaccination Certificate](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1HwWUxMY2EynkWFrlNQqh8IF7rE_5aFn74ZreYq0IAYg/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
- [Response to Call for Evidence: UK Parliament Covid 19 Vaccine Certification](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1y5vyLzsVUzhiFNcWHGHLVlQHnRad73q3F50a-8gr83Y/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-03
> The Government has announced a review into introducing a Covid vaccine certificate system or “vaccine passports. The Committee has launched an inquiry to consider potential ethical, legal and operational issues and the efficacy and appropriateness of a certificate system.
- [Response to Ada Lovelace Institute: Vaccine passports and COVID status apps: Call for Public Evidence](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ykUUDak47lYkUJeZvxs7FxDyy8bQ48FkF47IxMclppE/edit?usp=sharing) 2021-02-27 CCI Lucy Yang, Kaliya Young
> Before responding to the questions, we want to point out that the use of the term “COVID-19 passports” is questionable as the word ‘passport’ is used for the identity and travel document issued by nation states to their citizens. Another reason to question the use of ‘passport’ is the fact that our passport data is stored or centralized by the nation state issuer. Centralized systems are notorious and can be a source of potential data breaches and abuses.

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# Future of Digital Identity
* [The Future of Digital Identity: Separating the digital from the individual](https://www.finextra.com/the-long-read/421/the-future-of-digital-identity-separating-the-digital-from-the-individual) 2022-07-27 Finextra [[Report](https://www.finextra.com/finextra-downloads/research/documents/245/the-future-of-digital-identity-2022.pdf)]
> the concept of real-time and frictionless processes is what is driving the future of digital identity forward.
* [The Future of Identity. A collection of interconnected research](https://borgbraincrypto.medium.com/the-future-of-identity-eee42109efd2) 2020-12-02
> A collection of interconnected research and thoughts, on the topics, technologies, and projects concerning the future of identification, DID’s, SSI’s, biometrics, data, ai, reputation, credentials, medical history, blockchain, privacy, and ethics, on what it should mean to us as humans, and the implications for the future of this world and our relationship with it.
* [The way towards self-sovereign identity](https://innovalor.nl/en/Blogs/self-sovereign-identity) 2020-09-28 Ines Duits
> This series of blogs focus on self-sovereign identity, SSI. This post explains where SSI originated from by giving a timeline of how digital identity has changed over the years. [In the second blog](https://innovalor.nl/en/Blogs/what-is-self-sovereign-identity), we focus on what SSI is exactly. In the third blog, give two examples of use cases (IRMA and Sovrin) where SSI plays an important role.
* [Inventories, Not Identities: Why multisigs are the future of online accounts](https://myhub.ai/items/inventories-not-identities-why-multisigs-are-the-future-of-online-by-kei-kreutler-gnosis) 2021-11-20 Gnosis
> Embracing more than the normative individual as a fundamental unit of account, such a paradigm could better serve the creation of resilient, accountable, and mutualistic institutions leading into the twenty-first century.
* [Can the Digital Future Be Our Home?](https://www.windley.com/archives/2021/05/can_the_digital_future_be_our_home.shtml) 2021-05 Phil Windley
> This post features three fantastic books from three great, but quite different, authors on the subject of Big Tech, surveillance capitalism, and what's to be done about it.
* [Authentic Digital Relationships](https://www.windley.com/archives/2020/08/authentic_digital_relationships.shtml) 2020-08 Phil Windley
> Self-sovereign identity, supported by a heterarchical identity metasystem, creates a firm foundation for rich digital relationships that allow people to be digitally embodied so they can act online as autonomous
* [The Future of Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mx58bYHFrFk) 2021-06-03 Evernym
> We were joined by Drummond Reed and Alex Preukschat, co-authors of Manning Publication's new book 'Self-Sovereign Identity,' for a conversation on the book's development and recent release and what the future holds for SSI as a technology, architecture, and movement.
* [Personal Identity and the Future of Digital Interactions](https://www.pingidentity.com/en/company/blog/posts/2021/personal-identity-future-digital-interactions.html) 2021-06-22 Ping Identity
> What if individuals could determine how to share data and with whom? What if that data was always up to date? And what if instead of merely having a unified customer profile in a single company, each person could have one identity experience for all the companies and people they interact with?
* [Why Should You Care about Digital Identity?](https://indicio.tech/market-signals-why-should-you-care-about-digital-identity/) 2022-09-02 Indicio
> We take a look at a few of the best articles on why strong digital identity will be critical as we continue to build on the internet.
* [A Solution Looking for a Problem? Digital ID Solves a Million of  Them](https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbirch/2022/08/09/solution-looking-for-a-problem-digital-id-solves-a-million-of-them/?sh=4d1d6bb4fd7f) David G.W. Birch, Forbes
> on the importance of verifying specific aspects or traits that people can claim to have, saying that for most people it’s “not about proving who you are but about proving what you are”
* [Goodbye, physical identities: How organizations can prepare for digital identity challenges](https://www.biometricupdate.com/202208/goodbye-physical-identities-how-organizations-can-prepare-for-digital-identity-challenges) Philipp Pointner, Biometrics Update
> He raises some interesting points about the [increasing number of digital identity wallets](https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-02-21-govt-tech-trends-2022-press-release) being offered by states and national governments, and how, with the rise in digitalization, there are more opportunities for bad actors to acquire and misuse your information. He leaves us with a few key attributes to look for in a secure digital identity system.
* [Digital Identities Will Change The Nature Of Online Reputation](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alastairjohnson/2022/08/30/digital-identities-will-change-the-nature-of-online-reputation/?sh=bd1f30b584a3) 2022-08-30 Alastair Johnson, Forbes
> This article highlights how these centralized repositories will become redundant as verifiable credentials put control of data into the hands of the person or entity it belongs to.. Examples cited include medical information or your credit score, both of which are difficult to access, and require validation from a third party.
* [GiD Report#181 — The future will be self sovereign](https://medium.com/global-id/gid-report-181-the-future-will-be-self-sovereign-d0218fff9989) 2021-10-12 GlobalID
> Just as the World Wide Web empowered people to connect and share knowledge and information, the rise of Bitcoin taught us that we could have direct ownership over our valuable assets and payments — no middle man or central operator necessary.
* [On the Trust and Trust Modelling for the Future Fully-Connected Digital World: A Comprehensive Study](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07528.pdf) 2021-06-14 HANNAH LIM JING TING, XIN KANG IEEE
> Under our analysis of trust and the digital world, we define different types of trust relationships and find out the factors that are needed to ensure a fully representative model.Next, to meet the challenges of digital trust modelling, comprehensive trust model evaluation criteria areproposed, and potential securities and privacy issues of trust modelling are analyzed. Finally, we provide awide-ranging analysis of different methodologies, mathematical theories, and how they can be applied totrust modelling
* [The Future of Authenticating Your Data](https://www.reality2cast.com/61) 2021-03-12 Doc Searls, Katherine Druckman, Dave Huseby
> Across time and space immediately being tracked and, and falling victim to what I call sort of casual surveillance or corporate surveillance, right? Where is your data flows through systems; businesses are able to observe that movement of your data, your information aggregated, develop some kind of psychological model and then able to sell that to people who wish to manipulate you, sell you things, that kind of stuff
* [Panel at Radical Exchange on Future Digital Identity](https://identitywoman.net/panel-at-rxc-digital-identity-a-look-ahead/) 2020-08-03 IdentityWoman
> Hosted by Kaliya Young this panel included Paula Burman form Democracy Earth and Supriyo Roy from Idena talking about the their different digital identity systems that are very future looking.
* [Future 2030: Self Sovereign Identity Explained](https://www.coindesk.com/self-sovereign-identity-reshape-internet) 2020-10-01
> A comprehensive Article on CoinDesk about the future and what SSI looks like in that future. Kaliya interviewed for it.
* [Three Scenarios for Rolling Back Surveillance Capitalism](https://reb00ted.org/tech/20201009-three-scenarios-rolling-back-surveillance-captialism/) 2020-10-09 Rebooted
> what are realistic alternatives? Alternatives that keep the amazing wonders that are consumer technologies in 2020, but don’t invade our privacy, don’t spread misinformation, give us back a measure of control over our electronic lives, don’t set us up for manipulation and help rather than hurt our mental health?
* [Next Stop: A Global Verification Network](https://trbouma.medium.com/next-stop-global-verification-network-69f14a6673ab) 2020-11-22 Tim Bouma
> The hardest part ahead is not the technology, it’s the wholesale re-conceptualization of what is required for a global verification network that puts the power of the network back into the endpoints that is you and me.
* [What does it take to develop human-centric solutions for the built environment?](https://mydata.org/2022/05/13/built-for-people/) 2022-05-13 MyData [[Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCjW0_NAPmQ)]
> Building better, more human-centric solutions in smart cities starts by realising that citizens and their digital footprints are not merely aspects to monitor and evaluate. They are active participants in the cities we live and work together and need to be engaged in designing better cities and managing the data about themselves. This is not important only for respecting citizens’ rights, but it is crucial to building sustainable services and humane cities.
* [The Past, Present and Future of Identity](https://www.thinkdigitalpartners.com/guest-blog/2021/02/15/the-past-present-and-future-of-identity/) 2021-02-15
> Susan Morrow, considers the ‘digital identity journey’ to date and the important opportunity for the government to make use of the lessons learned when creating tomorrows digital identity ecosystem.
* [The Future of Identity: Self-Sovereignity, Digital Wallets, and Blockchain](https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/Self-Sovereign-Identity-The-Future-of-Identity-Self-Sovereignity-Digital-Wallets-and-Blockchain.html) InterAmerican Development Bank
> enables sovereignty for individuals over their digital assets and credentials -such as digital passports, digital diplomas, digital property titles, and tokenized currencies such as dollar, euro, pound, or pesos- using digital wallets that can take the form of a mobile app. Secondly, when the subject of these digital assets and credentials presents them to a third party to prove ownership, the third party does not need to reach out to the issuer to verify them, as they can go against a public, decentralized, and immutable registry, such as a blockchain network, where the cryptographic proofs of the asset or credential were registered and are maintained by the issuer in an standardized and trustable way.